Information Technologies Ara 7. Deneme Sınavı
Toplam 20 Soru1.Soru
Which one/s is/are the component/s of computer hardware? I. case II. mainboard III. central processing unit IV. power supply
I and II |
II and III |
III and IV |
I, II and III |
I, II, III and IV |
Computer hardware basically corresponds to the physical parts of the computer that one can physically touch.The components of computer hardware are case, mainboard, central processing unit, system memory, hard disk drive, optical disk drive, power supply, monitor, mouse, printer and keyboard.
2.Soru
Which of the followings is the correct order that represents the information processing steps for converting raw data into useful information?
I. Analyze
II. Store/Retrieve
III. Organize
IV.Transmit/Receive
V.Process
VI.Collect
VI.Display
III-II-I-V-VI-VII-IV |
VII-I-II-III-VI-IV-V |
VI-III-I-II-V-IV-VII |
II-V-I-IV-III-VII-VI |
V-II-VI-VII-I-IV-III |
In order to convert raw data into useful information, the information processing steps that should be present in the information systems are classified as follows:
- Collect
- Organize
- Analyze
- Store/Retrieve
- Process
- Transmit/Receive
- Display
The correct option is C.
3.Soru
Whichs one below are correct about the functions of routers and modems?
I Routers connect multiple computer networks by using wired or wireless connections.
II Routers uses the routing information inside data packages.
III Modems forward data packets among networks.
IV Modems are bridges between a local network and the Internet.
V The primary function of a modem is to convert between analog and digital data in real time.
I, II, III |
I, II, IV, |
I, II, IV, V |
II, III, IV
|
I, III, IV, V |
Routers
A router connects multiple computer networks by using wired or wireless connections. Routers forward data packets among networks by using the routing information inside these packages.
Modems
A modem is a device that serves as a bridge between a local network and the Internet. The primary function of a modem is to convert between analog and digital data in real time.
4.Soru
I. Enables the users to use computer in a convenient and efficient manner
II. Hides complexity of the hardware resources from the users
III. Acts as an intermediary between the computer hardware and its users.
IV. Manages the resources of a computer system
Which ones above are among the main objectives of the operating system?
I and II |
I and III |
II and III |
II and IV |
I, II, III and IV |
The main objectives of the operating system can be summarized as follows:
• Enables the users to use computer in a convenient and efficient manner
• Hides complexity of the hardware resources from the users
• Acts as an intermediary between the computer hardware and its users.
• Manages the resources of a computer system
• To keep track of who is using which resource, granting resource requests, according for resource using and mediating conflicting requests from different programs and users
• Provides efficient and fair sharing of resources among users and programs.
The correct answer is E.
5.Soru
I. To change margins
II. To chat about a topic
III. To insert footnotes
IV. To replace terms
Which one(s) does a word processing software allow users?
I,II and III |
I,III and IV |
III and IV |
I and II |
I and III |
Word processing software allows users to
• change margins
• insert footnotes
• fnd and replace terms
• place a header and footer at the top and the bottom of a page
• use different fonts (character design), font size (character scale), and font style (character appearance such as bold, italic and underline).
Therefore, the correct optin is B
6.Soru
In order to save your Word document in PDF form which menu do you have to use?
Spell Check |
Fonts |
Footnotes |
Insert |
Export |
Documents created by the word processors look great and they are easy to edit and share. But sometimes you need to redistribute them in a format that locks the layout or does not require a word processing software for opening them. Portable Document Format (PDF) is the most widely used file format to fulfil this requirement. Word processor tools allow you to save your document as a PDF. This is usually done using the export menu.
7.Soru
Which of the following approaches groups objects into clusters to represent clusters with arbitrary shape in which an object must have at least minimum number of neighbors in the neighborhood of a given radius?
Divisive approaches |
Model-based approaches |
Density-based approaches |
Agglomerative approaches |
Partitioning-based approaches |
Partitioning-based methods divide n objects into k partitions where k is smaller than or equal to n. In partitioning-based techniques, each partition contains at least one object and each object belongs to only one partition. Objects are divided hierarchically in hierarchical- based clustering. Hierarchical-based clustering methods can be classified as agglomerative and divisive approaches. Initially, each object represents a cluster in agglomerative approaches, then close clusters are merged consecutively until a termination condition holds or all objects or clusters are collected into one cluster. In divisive approaches, all objects are grouped into one cluster. Then, a cluster is divided into smaller clusters in each consecutive step until each object is assigned to one cluster or a termination condition holds. Density-based clustering methods group objects into clusters based on densities of clusters to represent clusters with arbitrary shape. An object in a cluster must have at least minimum number of neighbors in the neighborhood of a given radius. In model-based methods, objects are assigned to clusters based on defined models of clusters. Therefore, the correct option is C.
8.Soru
In which switching, the path between a pair of communicating parties is created only when needed, and discontinued after use?
Message Switching |
Circuit Switching |
Packet Switching |
Plug in Switching |
Wireless Switching |
In circuit switching, the path between a pair of communicating parties is created only when needed, and discontinued after use.
9.Soru
In the OSI Reference Model, which of the followings delivers data across network connections?
Physical Layer |
Data Link Layer |
Network Layer |
Transport Layer |
Session Layer |
Transport Layer delivers data across network connections. It provides message segmentation, message acknowledgment, session multiplexing, and message traffic control. Therefore, the correct option is D.
10.Soru
Which descriptive data mining task brings together similar objects which do not have a class label?
Mining clusters |
Mining associations |
Mining correlations |
Concept description |
Mining of frequent patterns |
Mining clusters bring together similar objects which do not have a class label. The correct option is A.
11.Soru
Which of the below is a hardware component that centralizes communications among multiple devices within a local area network?
Network Interface Controller |
Modem |
Router |
Switch |
Bridge |
A network switch is a hardware component that centralizes communications among multiple devices within a local area network. In most of the business networks, switches are used to connect computers, printers, and servers within a building.
12.Soru
I. Description, structure, security, authentication, usage statistics of the data warehouse
II. The data warehouse’s ownership
III. Applied rules on data, such as transformation, cleaning, data mining, querying, loading and etc.
IV. Structures of data sources of the data warehouse
Which of the statements above correspond(s) to the information included by a metadata repository of a data warehouse?
I, II, III and IV |
I, II and IV |
II, III and IV |
II and IV |
Only II |
A metadata repository of a data warehouse includes many information
about the data warehouse and some of them are listed below:
• Information about description, structure, security, authentication, usage statistics of the data warehouse
• Information about the data warehouse’s ownership
• Information about applied rules on data, such as transformation, cleaning, data mining, querying,
loading and etc.
• Information about structures of data sources of the data warehouse,
• Information about structures of data repositories and etc.
13.Soru
Which of the following terms is related to the concept of a graphical user interface?
Kernel |
Shell |
Operating system |
Application |
Hardware |
A graphical user interface is the pictorial representation that defines the interface between the operating system and its users. This representation is called the shell, and while not all shells have a graphical user interface (some shells can only be used in a terminal by typing textual commands), a GUI is the graphical overlay that simplifies the operation of the shell and operating system.
14.Soru
Which of the following includes processes of filling missing values, correcting inconsistencies, identifying outliers and getting rid of them?
Data cleaning |
Data collection |
Data Warehousing |
Tasking Relevant Data |
Pattern Evaluation |
Data cleaning includes processes of filling missing values, correcting inconsistencies, identifying outliers and getting rid of them. Missing values can be filled with attribute mean, attribute mean of all tuples belonging to the same class of the given tuple containing missing values, overall system mean, and a prediction produced by a learning algorithm.
15.Soru
In which stage of the information process, interpretation or summarization of data is done to make the data understandable and easily available?
Collect |
Organize |
Analyze |
Process |
Display |
In the analysis stage, interpretation or summarization of data is done to make the data understandable and easily available.
16.Soru
What term is used to describe the network of smart devices that can communicate and interact with their external environment?
Virtual curcuits |
Network topologies |
The internet of things |
Transmission media |
Networking hardware |
The Internet of Things (IoT) is the network of smart devices that can communicate and interact with their external environment. A smart car that can calculate the shortest route to a destination is an example of an IoT scheme.
17.Soru
Which protocol below is widely used in network management for network monitoring purposes?
HTTP |
HTTPS |
SMTP |
TCP |
SNMP |
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is a protocol widely used in network management for network monitoring purposes. Thus, the correct answer is E.
18.Soru
The classification technique based on some probabilistic computations such as computing probability of an object belonging to a class is called:
Decision tree induction. |
If-then rule. |
Neural network based approach. |
K-nearest neighbor. |
Bayesian classifier. |
Bayesian classifier is one of the mostly known classification techniques. It is based on some probabilistic computations such as computing probability of an object belonging to a class. Bayesian classifiers use Bayes’ theorem. According to Bayes’ theorem, let X be an object and H be a hypothesis that X belongs to class C. The probability of H holds is shown as P(H|X) and it is calculated as follows: P(H|X) = P(X|H)*P(H)/P(X).
19.Soru
Which of the followings is the computer networking hardware that connects multiple computer networks using wired or wireless connections?
Firewall |
Switch |
Hub |
Router |
Bridge |
A router connects multiple computer networks by using wired or wireless connections. Routers forward data packets among networks by using the routing information inside these packages. Therefore, the correct option is D.
20.Soru
Which of the following corresponds to the ability to see the long-term consequences of any act and to evaluate them relative to the ideal of total control?
Data |
Wisdom |
Raw Fact |
Knowledge |
Information |
Data are symbols representing the features of objects and events. They also refer to the products of observations. They are unprocessed collection of raw facts gathered from various sources explicitly or implicitly and do not have any values without making them useful, that is, without being converted into the information. Thus, ‘data’ and ‘raw fact’ basically refer to the same concept. Information, on the other hand, is generated by processing data. During the processing, data are transformed into a meaningful form and their usefulness increases. Information is the data that represent the relational connection. Knowledge is a collection of relevant information. It is a deterministic process that involves transformation of information into instructions. Wisdom corresponds to the ability to see the long-term consequences of any act and to evaluate them relative to the ideal of total control. It includes the exercise of judgment or decision. The correct option is B.
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