Internatıonal Organızatıon And Global Governance Final 8. Deneme Sınavı
Toplam 20 Soru1.Soru
According to Hedley Bull, which of the following is not one of the ways great powers manage their relations with one another for the international order?
Great powers preserve the general balance of power. |
Great powers seek to avoid or control crises in their relations with one another. |
Great powers seek for allies in the wars among one another. |
Great powers agree to respect one another’s spheres of influence. |
Great powers exploit their preponderance in relation to the rest of international society. |
According to Hedley Bull, great powers “manage their relations with one another in the interest of international order” through: “(i) preserving the general balance of power, (ii) seeking to avoid or control crises in their relations with one another, and (iii) seeking to limit or contain wars among one another. They exploit their preponderance in relation to the rest of international society by (iv) unilaterally exploiting their local preponderance, (v) agreeing to respect one another’s spheres of influence, and (vi) joint action, as is implied by the idea of a great power concert or condominium” (Bull, 2012: 200).
2.Soru
Which below is not one of the characteristics of non-state actors?
They have no governmental affiliation. |
They operate transnationally. |
They aim to influence public opinion. |
They act non-violently. |
They have as much authority as governments in problem solution. |
Non-state actors are those actors that have no governmental affiliation and that conduct transnational operations toward influencing national and international public policies in a non-violent manner.
3.Soru
Which of the following is not one of the BRICS countries?
Turkey |
Brazil |
Russia |
China |
India |
The BRICS countries are Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. The correct answer is A.
4.Soru
Which one is NOT the characteristics of Anarchical International Structures?
It refers to a specific distribution of power. |
It refers to an international order without a centralized political authority that is capable of imposing international rules and restraining the use of force by states. |
It is a self-help system that consists of states who seek to maximize their relative power and secure their sovereignty through either increasing their own material capabilities. |
It is difficult to achieve cooperation among states and severe power differentials among them may lead to a major war. |
States need to ensure that there does not exist a single state (a hegemon), which would dominate the international system and determine the rules of the system. |
The anarchical international system refers to an
international order without a centralized political
authority that is capable of imposing international
rules and restraining the use of force by states (Waltz,
1979; Wendt, 1992). As such, wars occur in the
system “because there is nothing to prevent them”
(Waltz, 1959: 232). The anarchical international
system is, in fact, a self-help system that consists
of states who seek to maximize their relative
power and secure their sovereignty through either
increasing their own material capabilities (internal
balancing) or aligning with other states (external
balancing). In the absence of a central authority and
of collective security, each state is responsible for
its own survival in the system. According to Waltz,
under anarchy, states need to ensure that there does
not exist a single state (a hegemon), which would
dominate the international system and determine
the rules of the system. In such an anarchical
system, t is difficult to achieve cooperation among
states and severe power differentials among them
may lead to a major war.
5.Soru
- Great powers are in the first rank of military.
- They are economically powerful states.
- They have global, and not merely regional, spheres of interests.
- They adopt a ‘forward’ foreign policy and have actual, and not merely potential, impact on international affairs.
Which of the above are the criteria for being a member of "great powe club" according to Heywood?
I and II |
III and IV |
I and III |
II and IV |
I, II, III and IV |
Heywood notes that a great power is “deemed to rank amongst the most powerful in a hierarchical state-system” and identifies four criteria for being a member of this so-called “great power club”:
• “Great powers are in the first rank of military prowess, having the capacity to maintain their own security and, potentially, to influence other powers.
• They are economically powerful states; although (as Japan shows) this is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for great power status.
• They have global, and not merely regional, spheres of interests.
• They adopt a ‘forward’ foreign policy and have actual, and not merely potential, impact on international affairs”
6.Soru
Which of the followings is not among the pieces of global governance?
Ad hoc arrangements. |
National constitutions. |
International law. |
Interacting rules. |
Norms. |
The pieces of global governance consist of the interacting rules, norms, international law, international regimes, ad hoc arrangements, global conferences and structures such as intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations. Therefore, the correct option is B.
7.Soru
Which of the following is defined as the diplomatic instrument of the UN that aims to help conflicting parties solve their disputes through peaceful and non-coercive means?
Humanitarian intervention |
Responsibility to protect |
Peacekeeping missions |
Peace enforcement |
The pacific settlement of disputes |
The pacific settlement of disputes is defined as the ‘diplomatic’ instrument of the UN that aims to help conflicting parties solve their disputes through peaceful and non-coercive means. The correct answer is E.
8.Soru
Which of the following refers to the possibility of catastrophic wars that can erupt if an established power becomes too fearful of a rising power?
Kindleberger Trap |
Marrakech Framework |
Zapatista movement |
Doha Declaration |
Thucydides Trap |
“Thucydides Trap” refers to the possibility of catastrophic wars that can erupt if an established power becomes too fearful of a rising power.
The correct choice is E.
9.Soru
Which one of the following is a key concept in the power-based (structural) approach?
interest |
institutional bargaining |
hegemony |
consensual knowledge |
epistemic community |
Choices (a) and (b) are the key concepts in the interest-based (institutional) approach, (d) and (are) are the key concepts in knowledge-based (cognitive) approach. Choice (c) is the correct answer.
10.Soru
Which of the following scholars does not belong to a specific group known as World-Order-Models-Project (WOMP) scholars?
Richard Falk |
David Mitrany |
Rajni Kothari |
Ali Mazrui |
Gustavo Lagos |
This specific group known as World-Order-Models-Project (WOMP) scholars includes some scholars such as Richard Falk, Rajni Kothari, Ali Mazrui, and Gustavo Lagos. However, David Mitrany who worked towards the development of effective peace organizations, is not one of them. The correct answer is B.
11.Soru
Global governance consists of several pieces except for ...
Which of the following options correctly completes the sentence above?
Rules |
Norms |
International law |
Military arm |
International regimes |
Global governance consists of several pieces except for military arm. The pieces of global governance consist of the interacting rules, norms, international law, international regimes, ad hoc arrangements, global conferences and structures such as intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations. The correct answer is D.
12.Soru
Which concept refers to a hegemonic state also with an interest in cooperating with other actors that can solve collective action problems through providing public goods and facilitating international cooperation?
Hegemonic stability theory |
Coercive hegemony |
Benevolent hegemon |
Self-help system |
Global governance |
According to most scholars, a system with a clearly preponderant state (a hegemon) would be both politically and economically stable. Because such a hegemonic state, also with an interest in cooperating with other actors, can solve collective action problems through providing public goods and facilitating international cooperation (Kindleberger, 1981: 243-244; Krasner, 1976: 321; Gilpin, 1987: 74-75). This theory, in fact, is known as the hegemonic stability theory (HST). It establishes a theoretical link between hegemony and systemic stability and attracts a great deal of attention from IR scholars.
13.Soru
I. They are not founded by states or intergovernmental organizations
II. They do not engage in a partisan behavior
III. They do not possess legal personality
Which one(s) of these is/are among the basic characteristics of international nongovernmental organizations?
Only I |
Only II |
Only III |
I-II |
II-III |
Başlar (2005: 32-33) has developed the most comprehensive definition of international nongovernmental organizations and identified their basic characteristics. Among them; they are not founded by states or intergovernmental organizations, They do not engage in a partisan behavior and They possess legal personality.
14.Soru
Which one the following was not among the members of the Elders, an initiative launched by Nelson Mandela in 2007 for peace and human rights?
Kofi Annan |
Martti Ahtisaari |
Ban Ki-moon |
Jimmy Carter |
Angela Merkel |
The Elders represent a group of global leaders as an independent voice who are not bound by the interests of any nation, government or institution. They are committed to promoting the shared interests of humanity and human rights. The Elders consist of individuals who no longer hold public office; they are independent of any national government or other vested interest. They should have earned international trust, demonstrated integrity and built a reputation for inclusive, progressive leadership. The group has comprised Nelson Mandela, Martti Ahtisaari, Kofi Annan, Ban Ki-moon, Ela Bhatt, Lakhdar Brahimi, Gro Harlem Brundtland, Fernando H Cardoso, Jimmy Carter, Hina Jilani, Ricardo Lagos, Graça Machel, Mary Robinson, Desmond Tutu, and Ernesto Zedillo.
15.Soru
Which monitoring body in the UN is responsible for the Protection of the rights of all migrant workers and members of their families?
CERD |
CCPR |
CAT |
CRC |
CMW |
CMW is short for Committee on Migrant Workers.
16.Soru
The United States of America China Spain Russia GermanyWhich of these countries are permanent members of the United Nations Security Council?
I, III and V |
I, II and IV |
II, III and IV |
I, IV and V |
I, II, III, IV and V |
The Security Council was designed to be relatively small in order to act swiftly and efficiently (Mingst and Karns, 2012: 31-32). It initially had eleven members, but this number increased to fifteen in 1965. The status of membership is divided into two: permanent and non-permanent members. The United States, Britain, China, France, and Russia are the five permanent members (P5) of the Security Council.
17.Soru
Which one of the following refers to the domain where transnational non governmental organizations and other transnational actors interact?
Civil society |
Transnational networks |
Global civil society |
Global governance |
Foreign policy |
Global civil society refers to a domain where transnational non-governmental organizations and other transnational actors interact.
18.Soru
Which country below is the only other European country that the United Kingdom with permanent membership in the Security Council of the UN?
Italy |
Germany |
France |
Spain |
Norway |
Five permanent members of the Security Council are the US, the UK, Russia, China and France.
19.Soru
Which of the following is not one of the criticisms levelled against the UN Security Council?
It privileges the five permanent members. |
It is regarded as an undemocratic body. |
It has no coercive or binding authority. |
It fails to represent the majority of UN member states. |
It fails in terms of geographical representation of the world. |
The UN Security Council has been subject to many criticisms except that it has no coercive or binding authority. The UN General Assembly has been criticised due to its lack of coercive or binding authority. The correct answer is C.
20.Soru
Which of the following theory of integration is defined as "a particular way of bringing together previously separate, autonomous, or independent territorial
units to constitute a new form of union"?
Multilateralism |
Universalism |
Federalism |
Intergovernmentalism |
Functionalism |
Federalism has been associated with the conventional processes of state-building
and national integration. It has been construed as a particular way of bringing together previously separate, autonomous, or independent territorial units to constitute a new form of union based upon principles that, broadly speaking, can be summarized in the dictum ‘unity in diversity’”
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