Introduction to Economics 2 Ara 3. Deneme Sınavı
Toplam 20 Soru1.Soru
Which of the given information is true?
Economists use the same models to explain the reasons for these fluctuations in production.
|
The approach of the Classical and Keynesian models is the same.
|
Equilibrium point shows that there is no tendency to leave once achieved.
|
In the equilibrium approach of the classical model, the economy is not in constant balance. |
When examining the general equilibrium of the economy, the starting point is inflation. |
Apart from C, the information given in other options is wrong.
2.Soru
………………is the cost of borrowing funds.
Which of the following best completes the definition given above?
Interest rate
|
Stock change
|
Unplanned inventory investment
|
Expected profit |
Technological change |
Interest rate is the cost of borrowing funds.
3.Soru
Which of the following is not the factor that influences the consumption decisions of households?
Wealth
|
Autonomous Investments
|
Disposable income
|
Demographic Factors
|
Expectations |
There are different factors that influence the consumption decisions of households. The main factor that determines consumption expenditures is income level and there is a positive relationship between consumption and income as indicated by the consumption function. In principle, the income of households is measured by current disposable income. Secondly, wealth is the value of all assets that households have. Another important factor for determining consumption is the expectations about future income, prices and wealth. When the other factors effecting consumption are assumed to be constant, an increase in population will increase consumption expenditures.
4.Soru
When did the economists start to discuss about macroeconomics?
1920s
|
1930s
|
1940s
|
1950s |
1960s |
Economists started to discuss the topics about macroeconomics as a result of economic events during Great Depression in 1930s. It is possible to say that there were no big problems in world economy until 1920s.
5.Soru
Which of the following cannot be mentioned as one type of unemployment?
Cyclical
|
Seasonal
|
Inflational
|
structural |
Frictional |
Cyclical, seasonal, structural and frictional unemployment are types of unemployment.
6.Soru
In which years has fiscal policy started to gain importance?
1920
|
1930
|
1940
|
1950 |
1960 |
Fiscal policy is a branch of general economy policy. A successful fiscal policy requires adjustments of public expenditures and revenues according to macroeconomic objectives considering their effects on economic variables. Fiscal policy is a discipline that has gained importance and grown fast since 1930s. In fact, the discussions stemming from 1929 Great Depression are deemed as the origin of modern fiscal policy. In 1950s and 1960s, fiscal policy found an opportunity to spread widely and to develop more.
7.Soru
Which of the following assessments is true for the shaded area on the graph?
Y = C |
Y < C |
Y > C |
C = 0 |
C = 1 |
Since shaded area lies above the 45° line, it means income is greater than the consumption expenditures.
8.Soru
What is the value of net multiplier when changes in government expenditures are met totally by changes in taxes?
-1
|
0
|
1
|
2 |
3 |
When public expenditure increase is financed totally via taxes, the level of income increases is equal to expenditure increase. In case of changes in public expenditures and taxes are the same, the numerical value of net multiplier being equal to 1 is called as balanced budget multiplier.
9.Soru
While GDP is calculated in terms of expenditures, what kind of investments are taken into account mostly?
transfer payments
|
import
|
gross investments
|
export |
net investments |
While GDP is calculated in terms of expenditures; gross investments are taken into account rather than net investments.
10.Soru
Which of the following is the ratio of savings to income?
Average propensity to consume
|
Marginal propensity to save
|
Marginal propensity to consume
|
Autonomous investments |
Average propensity to save |
Average propensity to save is the ratio of savings to income.
11.Soru
What does marginal propensity to save (MPS) reveal the relationship between the two types of changes?
Income/Saving
|
Consumption/Saving
|
Fluctuation/Income
|
Income/Consumption
|
Expenditure/Fluctuation |
The marginal propensity to consume is a concept of how much consumption will change when income changes. Similarly, marginal propensity to save (MPS) reveals the relationship between the income change and the saving change and is calculated as the ratio of the saving change to the income change.
12.Soru
There are some factors that affect planned investments. Which one in the options below is not one of those factors?
Capacity Utilization
|
Taxes
|
Interest rate
|
Cost of Capital Goods |
Expected profit |
Capacity Utilization, interest rate cost of capital goods and expected profit are the factors that affect planned investments.
13.Soru
When we reduce consumption expenditures because of rising savings, it is called ________.
algebraic derivation
|
expenditure multiplier
|
injections
|
leakages |
saving paradox
|
Saving Paradox is the reduction in the consumption expenditures and, therefore, income because of rising savings.
14.Soru
If public expenditures are higher than public revenues, how can the emerged budget deficit only be met by?
Automatic stabilizer
|
Tax multiplier
|
Government’s borrowing.
|
Taxes |
Interest rates |
If public expenditures are higher than public revenues, the emerged budget deficit can only be met by government’s borrowing.
15.Soru
Which of the following is the variable that equates savings to investments in the Classical approach?
Exchange rate
|
Interest rate
|
Disposable income
|
Price level |
Taxes |
According to Classical economists, interest rate is the key variable to provide this equality. This interest rate, which is determined on the loanable funds market, will change so as to ensure that the funds provided as a result of savings are equal to the funds requested for investments.
16.Soru
What happens if aggregate expenditures are lower than the GDP in income levels?
stocks decrease |
stocks increase
|
equilibrium will be spoilt
|
GDP will decrease
|
GDP will increase |
Aggregate expenditures are lower than the GDP in income levels when the AE function is below the 45° line. In this case, GDP will begin to decline and this decline will continue until the equilibrium level is reached.
17.Soru
When a government uses public expenditures and taxes in order to affect the macroeconomic variables such as employment, income and prices, it is called ________.
fiscal policy
|
taxation
|
economic equilibrium
|
debt payments |
floating capital |
Within this context, the state’s use of public expenditures and taxes in order to affect the macroeconomic variables such as employment, income and prices is called as fiscal policy.
18.Soru
Which policy should a government follow if it suffers from a high rate of inflation?
Contractionary fiscal policy
|
Balanced budget policy
|
Inflationary policy
|
Expansionary fiscal policy |
Full employment policy |
If an economy suffers from a high rate of unemployment, the government, directly or indirectly, should encourage increase in private and/or public sector spending, i.e., it should follow an expansionary fiscal policy. This kind of fiscal policy is resulted in increasing production and creating new job opportunities. On the other hand, if an economy suffers from a high rate of inflation, the government, directly or indirectly, should encourage decrease in private and/ or public sector spending, i.e., it should follow a contractionary fiscal policy. This kind of fiscal policy will diminish the increasing pressure on prices.
19.Soru
What does ‘import’ mean?
the relationship between income level and savings
|
the cost of borrowing funds
|
the consumption function households
|
the income levels of the domestic and foreign countries
|
the amount of goods and services purchased from other countries
|
Import is the amount of goods and services purchased from other countries.
20.Soru
What refers to the ratio of consumption expenditures to income?
Average propensity to consume |
Average propensity to save |
Marginal propensity yo save |
Marginal propensity to consume |
Autonomous consumption |
Average propensity to consume is the ratio of consumption expenditures to income.
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