Most of the time, because of the nature of risk, making adjustments to cash flows or discount rates is not enough for financial managers. They want to know the sources and possible effects of certain risks of a project. They want to measure a project’s risks coming from various sources rather than in general manner. Sensitivity analysis, scenario and simulation analysis, and decision trees are used for this purpose. However, one or more of these analyses sometimes lead(s) financial managers to consider real options available in a capital investment project because in reality there are various types of uncertainties that exist about these projects. The correct answer is E.