The discipline of International Relations refers to the Peace of Westphalia that ended the 30 Years’ War in 1648 as “the dawn of the modern international system.” The treaties signed in Münster and Osnabrück in 1648 indicate the political and diplomatic development that paved the way to the establishment of international institutions. The Peace of Westphalia ended the feudal system based on the primacy of thePapacy and the Holy Roman Empire and led to the emergence of new political entities called “sovereign states.” Thus, it indeed marked the beginning of an international milieu that would facilitate the emergence of nation-states.

The correct choice is C.