The statement in the question describes a study, so it describes a scientific branch. How individuals and societies choose to use scarce resources at their disposal is the subject area of Economics. The needs and desires of individuals are unlimited. Therefore, satisfying those needs and desires requires the production of goods and services. This is what Economics tries to analyze and find solutions to. To put it more clearly, economists study the whole process of the allocation of society’s scarce resources between different goods and services needed by different sections of the society, and examine the effects of the government’s actions on the economy as a whole. The correct answer is B.