Functionalist sociologists like Durkheim have often seen religion as an important source of solidarity. Religious beliefs, rituals and collective worship help to create a “moral community” in which all the members know how to behave towards one another. However, religion has also been a factor in destructive social conflicts such as struggles between Sikhs, Hindus and Muslims in India, clashes between Muslims and Christians in Bosnia, and “hate crimes” against Jews, Muslims and other religious minorities in the United States and Europe.