Horizontal and Vertical System Integration: Today, it can be said that most of IT systems are not fully integrated. Companies, suppliers, and customers are not often closely linked. It is the same situation for departments such as engineering, production, and service. Functions from the enterprise to the shop floor level are not fully integrated. Even in engineering, it’s seen that there is a lack of complete integration between products, plants and automation. However, Industry 4.0 promises that companies, departments, functions, and capabilities will become much more bounded to each other, and as cross-company, by the evolution of universal data-integration networks, truly automated value chains will be possible.