• Management emerged with the Industrial Revolution.

• Management is based on position; leadership is about personal qualifications.

• Managers are appointed; a leader is a role model who earns the title and is embraced by the followers.

• Management aims at formal goals whereas leaders generate informal goals.

• Management is attaining goals through others; leadership is pursuing goals with others.

• Management is based on rules, leadership is spontaneous and inspirational.

• Managers focus on completing tasks efficiently; leaders focus on goals for development, improvement, and change.

• Management authority is based on legal authority; leadership power comes from followers.

• Management produces order and consistency; leadership produces change and movement. The correct answer is A.