There are diverse coordination mechanisms for organizations
1. Face-to-face interpersonal interaction
2. Rules and procedures for coordinating routine, recurring activities
3. Standardized plans, skills, and values
4. Direct supervision
5. Staff assistants as specialized administrative personnel created to facilitate interaction
between personnel of the same unit
6. Liaisons as specialized positions or units designed to facilitate interchange between
interdependent units
7. Teams having members from different units
8. Coordination-supporting software packages
9. Independent integrators, who are independent of the departments they coordinate and report to the manager who
oversees those departments.