Ouchi describes three types of organizations which are called Type J, Type A, and finally Type Z. As the names denote, Type J depicts features of the typical Japanese firm, on the other hand, Type A depicts characteristics of the average American firm. Type Z, offered by Ouchi, is the blended version of Type J and Type A in which suitable elements of Japanese firms are adapted to the US context. Table 8. 5 shows peculiar features of each type. Shortly, Ouchi describes an organization that can quickly adopt environmental changes while fulfilling employees’ needs. The characteristics of them are briefly listed below:

Type J:Lifetime employment - Consensual decision-making - Collective responsibility - Slow evaluation and promotion - Implicit, informal control - Non-specialized career path - Holistic concern

Type A:Short-term employment - Individual decision-making - Personal responsibility  - Rapid assessment and promotion - Explicit, formalized control -  Specialized career path - Segmented concern

Type Z: Long-term employment - Consensual decision - Individual responsibility -  Deliberate evaluation and promotion  - Inherent, informal control with explicit, formalized measures - Moderately specialized career path  -  Holistic concern, including family