Brand loyalty is defined as; a customer’s favorable attitude toward a specific brand. Brand loyalty has advantages for the consumer as well as for the
manufacturer and seller. It reduces a buyer’s risk and shortens time spent deciding which product to purchase. On the other hand, brand hate results in “the purposeful and deliberate intention to avoid or reject a brand, or even to act out behaviors that demonstrate this rejection” with typical behaviors including negative word-of-mouth, boycotts and sabotage directed at the target of one’s brand. Thus, the correct answer is D.