The main opposition party of the Second Constitution Era was the Party for Freedom and Harmony (Hürriyet ve İtilaf Fırkası HİF) established on 21 November 1911. This movement, which gathered around 70 deputies in the Parliament, united all the opponents (liberals, Islamists, minorities) of İTC within its body. HİF was an opposition party out of homogeneity; the unifying reason for the party was being the contrast of İTC. The political activity of HİF lasted for about two years. After 1913 Ottoman coup d’état, HİF was pushed out of the political arena with the establishment of an authoritarian one-party system.