Deneme Sınavı Soruları

Absolute simulation.

Relative simulation.

Mistake.

Fraud.

Duress.

There is not key any difference, the concepts are interchangeable.

A commercial company has legal personality while an ordinary partnership does not have legal personality.

During the operation of an ordinary partnership the statutory meetings, changes in the shareholders need to be notified with the relevant authorities while in a commercial company this is not obligatory.

In a partnership only the authorized organs have the right for representation while in a company all the company shareholders have the right to represent the company.

There are no formal requirements for the establishment of a commercial company but there are statutory requirements in the case of the establishment of an ordinary partnership.

A company is a business association formed for the purpose of making profit.

A company is a business association formed by at least three or more parties 

Not every company is required to have an Articles of Association 

“Articles of Association (AoA) can contain rules that are against the law.

AoA of a company does not have to be in a written form 

Common Law system.

Continental Law system.

Anglo-Saxon Law system.

Germanic Law system.

Scandinavian Law system.

basic and joint

basic and registered

single shareholder and joint

single shareholder and registered

single shareholder and joint

Mistake as to nature of the contracts

Mistake as to the identity of the subject matter of the contracts

Mistake as to the identity of the other party

Mistake as to the quantity

Mistake as to requisite circumstances of the aimed contract

1

2 

3

4

5

The law merchant 

Continental law

Kelsen’s pyramid 

The Grand National Assembly 

Constitution

1091

1218

332

397

1163

Novation

Merger

Impossibility

Duplication

Set-Off

Capital interest

Simple interest

Contractual interest

Compaund interest

Commercial interest

Contunity

Temporary

Dependent

To generate outcame 

Semi dependent

Donation contract

Sales contract

Rental contract

Employment contract

Contract of agency

Limited Company

Joint Stock Corporation

Cooperative

Collective Company

Comandite Company

At the place where A is resident at the time of performance.

At the place where B is resident at the time of performance.

At the place where A lent the money to B.

At the place where A was resident at the time the obligation arose.

At the place where B was resident at the time the obligation arose.

For a custom to have legal validity, the members of the society should believe consciously or unconsciously in the rightness of the custom.

For a custom to have legal validity and to be considered as a part of the customary law, a custom must not have existed for a period of time longer than 50 years.

Customary law can not be used in commercial cases.

For a custom to have legal validity, it shall also be applicable to criminal cases.

If a custom has been present long enough, it shall be considered as a part of the customary law even if it is not given the sanction of state authority.

Presumption of legal person.

Presumption of liability.

Presumption of status.

Presumption of innocence.

Presumption of records.

predatory exploitation of another’s services or achievements

complying with general business conditions

revealing production and business secrets unlawfully

 lodging an unjustified lawsuit only to offend

 aiming to distort a competitor’s commercial reputation

Anglo American law

Continental Law

Roman law

Common Law

Anglo-Saxon Law

The merchant who transfers his commercial enterprise does not lose his status of being a Merchant.

Together with the acquiring party, the merchant who is transferring the commercial enterprise shall continue to be jointly liable from the debts for two years.

A commercial enterprise is to be acquired only with its credits and not its debts.

The debts will be transferred to the acquiring party only if a separate agreement on the debts is made in advance.

Even though the acquisition of a commercial enterprise is agreed with a written agreement, the acquisition of an immovable property which is included within the assets of the commercial enterprise must be registered or agreed separately.