Deneme Sınavı Soruları

Spot exchange rate

Forward exchange rate

Real foreign exchange rate

Nominal exchange rate

The interest parity condition

Specific tariffs.

Protective tariffs.

Revenue tariffs.

Ad valorem tariffs.

Compound tariffs.

Tariff codes exist for nearly each and every product involved in international commerce.

A tariff code is a product-specific code as documented in the Harmonized System maintained by the World Customs Organization

Tariff codes are rarely used for taxation, customs, and statistical purposes by using WCO member countries.

A tariff code makes sure the uniformity of product categories worldwide.

A tariff code is a number assigned to every kind of product sold across the world.

Higher level of technology

Economies of scale

Induce to foreign direct investments

Better allocation of economic resources

Decreased competition

Purchasing power condition

Relative price level condition

General equilibrium condition

Partial equilibrium condition

Interest parity condition

Reserve Assets.

Financial Account.

Current Account.

Capital Account.

Statistical Discrepancy.

Tariff simpede with the concept of free trade’ because it mainly focuses on the protection local industries

Governments may levy tariffs on imported products that compete with established
local industries to defend jobs and investments.

Import tariffs hurt consumers who would like to buy products made in abroad

In order to take diplomatic measurements, tariffs have been used as a tool to hurt
countries

Export tariffs can also be used to regulate the advancement of rival industries in
different countries

Tariffs provide revenue to the government based on imported products

Tariffs can be levied to shield domestic companies

Tariffs surge the price of the imported products

Tariffs may be used to raise the price of an exported product

Tariffs have been used as a tool to hurt countries

Quotas

Anti-dumping practices

Import licensing requirements 

Proportion restrictions of foreign to domestic goods

Minimum import price limits

are not such as tax rebates, direct premium payment, cheap credit and cheap input to export-oriented industries.

is not applied to the exported part of goods, and to the whole of its local
production.

are payments made by a government in order to inspire the export of specified goods.

cannot be imposed on the basis of specific or ad-valorem

are the least common product groups where export subsidies are implemented.

Offer curves

Optimal Tariff

Protective tarif

Protective tarif

embargoe

it provides revenue to government based on imported products

A tariff can be levied to shield domestic companies. In fact, that is the most cited
reason for levying a tariff. It is a method to make sure that domestic providers preserve, if not a monopoly then, at least a profitable benefit over non-domestic manufacturers of products

A tariff surges the price of the imported products, sometimes uplifting its status to
that of a luxury product. Therefore, a tariff could be imposed on certain imported products to make sure that only a few people have an enough supply for those imports

Export tariffs can't  be used to regulate the advancement of rival industries in
different countries

By the same token, a tariff may be used to raise the price of an exported product.

to protect local industries

To have more export

To protect international interests

To protect local people

To protect their industry

Brazilian coffee

Saudi Arabian Petroleum

Turkish hazelnut

Danish silver-cutlery sets

Dutch tulips

it can produce the good at a lower cost or with a higher productivity,

it can produce the good at alot or with a higher efficiency,

it can produce the good at a lower opportunity cost,

it can produce the good with a capital intensive production,

it can produce the good with a labor intensive production,

Robert Torrens

Gottfried Haberler

Adam Smith

Eli Heckscher

Bertil Ohlin

Production boom

Industrial revolution

New market searches

High import prices

Widespread use of liberalism in free trade or trade

It is producing a commodity slightly different from the commodity produced by the competitor.

It refers to the same amount of output increase with the increase within the factors of production.

It exists when the increase in the output is proportionally more than the increase in the input.

It refers to a reduction in the average cost of a firm in conjunction with the increase within the size of the industry.

It refers to a reduction in the average cost of a firm that is peculiar to the increase within the scale of the firm itself.

Opportunity costs

Autarky

Acquired advantage 

Labor productivity

Natural advantage

to increase the gold stock,

to increase the terms of trade,

to have absolute advantage in trade

to increase marginal labor productivity

to have Current Account (CA) supluss