Deneme Sınavı Soruları

I, II, III and IV

II, III and IV

II and III

III and IV

I, III and IV

Patent

Architecture 

Literature

Database 

Music 

Increasing employment

Operating small businesses owned by engineers or scientists

Finding problems of or applications for a particular technology

Starting new ventures

Working with others to produce technology change

Innovation is always done in products and services.

Innovation is always related to new products and services.

Innovation is done by only businesses.

Innovation is only an economic system.

Innovation is also a social system.

1951 

1962 

1974 

 1983 

1995

Strategy is a result. 

Strategy requires research activities 

Strategy formulation is never done in perfectly rational conditions.

The distinguishing characteristic is uncertainty.

Strategy is more about the journey rather than the destination itself. 

New generation investment and funding system based on small donations from large numbers of individuals.

Special investment technique which provides capital, invests, and transfers experience to entrepreneurs.

Relationship in which a more experienced or more knowledgeable person guides a less experienced or less knowledgeable person.

Contribute to the technology entrepreneurship ecosystem in the field of education.

Activate and manage the flow of information and technology between universities, R&D institutions, companies.

Allowing market uncertainty to disappear

Learning from the mistakes of pioneers

Introducing superior manufacturing techniques

Higher costs due to the hidden costs of accelerating development

Introducing products with superior technology or design features

1983

1987

1991

1993

1997

To create a monopoly market within the country

To contribute to Turkey’s technological progress 

To present the information and documentation related to industrial property rights at home and abroad to the public’s benefit. 

To ensure the development of research and development activities 

To establish industrial property rights with patents and trademark 

Helix model approach

Double helix approach

Triple helix approach

Quadruple helix approach

Quintuple helix approach

Excessive perceived risks

High costs

Insufficient outsourcing of information and services

Insufficient capital within the enterprise

Insufficient external capital in the business

Differentiation

First-Mover 

Follower 

Time-Focused 

Reactors 

There are multiple venues to identify ideas

Procedures are defined to evaluate sources

Procedures are defined to evaluate sources

Idea sources are connected across departments, geography, and authority ranks

Idea hoarding may be present

I-II-III

I-III

I-II

II-III

III

Resources are in place for experimentation

Process is defined and sanctioned

Adoption of external ideas is valued.

Documentation of process contributes to the organization.

Failure, risk, and resource expenditures are emphasized

Creative destruction

Business growth

Black box

Technological gatekeeper

Roadmapping

Lead to a new dominant design

Implies a high level of uncertainty

Introduces a whole new set of performance features

Requires education, new organization and skills

Based on old technology

I-II

I-III

I-IV

I-II-III

I-II-IV

They should be able to connect the infrastructure with organizational characteristics.

They should be able to provide technology management for fundamentals of economy with a broader perspective .

They need to complete their bachelor’s degree before they study the fundamentals of innovation management.

They should integrate technology, innovation management philosophy and terminology with all they have learned so far.

They should contextualize managing technology and innovation when it is required for the history of innovation management.