Deneme Sınavı Soruları

The First Industrial Revolution

The Second Industrial Revolution

The Third Industrial Revolution

The Fourth Industrial Revolution

The Fifth Industrial Revolution

Neumark Report

Baker Report

Martin and Cush Report

Leimgruber Report

Martin Report

absence of a unified code of conduct for elected public officials

lack of regulations regarding the duties and prohibitions for civil servants

insufficient penalties for corruption-related offenses

inadequate methods for determining unlawful individual gains

ineffective implementation of the principles of ethical conduct

1919

1920

1923

1932

1946

enforce ethical practices in the workplace

punish unethical behavior in the workplace

foster an ethical culture in the institution

create new policies for ethical enhancement

serve as judges for unethical conduct decisions

kickback

spoils

embezzlement

theft

bribery

1919-1920

1919-1921

1920-1923

1919-1923

1921-1923

Ministry of Industry and Technology

Council of Ethics for Public Service

Ombudsman Institution

Personal Data Protection Authority

Digital Transformation Office

to assess the legality of the administrative actions and decisions

to ensure a clear chain of command and delegation of authority

to terminate the discretionary powers of the legislative branch

to help superiors supervise the subordinates’ actions in terms of legality

to evaluate the morality of the administrative actions and decisions

only I

I and II

I, II, III

II and III

only II

I, II

I, II, III

I, II, III, IV

II, III, IV

II, III

Human Rights and Equality Institution

Human Rights and Examination Institution

Housing Rights and Elimination Institution

Human rights and Equality Investigation

Human Rise and Equality Institution

The Constitution

The Civil Servants Law

The Turkish Penal Code

The Law on Declaration of Assets, Combating Bribery, and Corruption

The Ombudsman Institution

Urban infrastructure, including land-use planning, water and sewage systems, and transportation

Geographic and urban information systems

Environmental health, cleaning, and solid waste management

Municipal police, firefighting, emergency, rescue, and ambulance services

Afforestation projects

Being a Turkish citizen

Being at least 40 years old

Having a higher education degree

Having previously served as a deputy in the Grand National Assembly of Türkiye (GNAT)

Being nominated by a political party or at least 100,000 voters

Civil servants receive training only before entering public service.

In-service training is optional and depends on the civil servant’s preference.

Each institution should establish a training unit responsible for organizing training activities.

In-service training is only conducted within the country and cannot involve foreign institutions.

There is no official plan for training civil servants in Turkey.

They draft and implement laws without requiring approval from the President.

They advise the President on policy development and monitor ministries.

They serve as independent regulatory bodies free from presidential oversight.

They function as legislative committees that approve new government policies.

They oversee the judicial branch and ensure compliance with executive decisions.

Rank classification prioritizes career progression, while position classification focuses on specific job duties.

Rank classification is used in the USA, whereas position classification is used in Europe.

Position classification allows lifelong employment, while rank classification does not.

Rank classification is based on individual preference, whereas position classification is rigid.

Position classification does not consider employee qualifications.

After 1960, the low-ranking officers within the army took some precautions to prevent such an experience. Hierarchical bounds were strengthened, and military forces became an autonomous entity.

DP’s ability to appreciate particular features of the Turkish military and to design suitable strategies accordingly and their tendency to interpret civilian control as the relegation of the military had been critical in the 1960 coup.

The military rule of 1960, like the 1980 coup, was wide open, from the beginning, to cooperation and interaction with civilians.

The 1960 and 1980 military coups were same with 1971 intervention because they pointed to a radical break from the existing institutional orders.

The 1960 and 1980 military interventions have different characteristics in terms of the actors involved. Although the 1960 military coup was the act of middle-ranking officers, the 1980 military coup was the act of high-ranking officers and was based on a hierarchical structure. 

Local administrations are created to meet the common needs of the people living in the country.

Local administrations have public legal entities. In other words, they are public corporate bodies. Therefore, they are autonomous organizations. Local administrations have administrative and financial autonomy.

General decision-making organs of local administrations are elected by local voters.

The formation, functions, and authorities of local administrations are established by law in line with the principle of decentralization.

Loss of status and objections regarding the status of elected organs of local administrations are resolved by the judiciary.