1
When was Modern Turkey or with its official name, the Republic of Turkey, founded in Anatolia ?
On October 29, 1923
Historical Roots of Modern Turkey-Ottoman Legacy
- 21 soru-cevap
- Prıncıples of Atatürk and the Hıstory of Turkısh Revolutıon I (ENG)
2
Where does the name Anatolia come from?
The name Anatolia comes from a Greek word Anadolis meaning “the place of the rising sun that is the East”.
3
Who was The Ottoman Empire founded by ?
The Ottoman Empire was founded by a nomadic Turkish tribe named Kayı from Oghuz (Oğuz) descent who came from the steppes of the inner and the Central Asia led by Ertuğrul Ghazi.
4
Who brought Turkish people to the Iranian plateau and Anatolia (Findley, 2005, pp.68-71)?
The Seljuks
5
Who was Byzantine Empire founded by ?
Byzantine Empire was founded by Constantine I in the fourth century CE.
6
Who were Mongolians?
Mongolians were a Central Asian tribal people well-known through their leader
Genghis (Cengiz) Khan (1162–1227).
7
When did The Anatolian Seljuk State lose its power in Anatolia?
The Anatolian Seljuk State lost its power in Anatolia after it was defeated by the Mongolian İlhanid State in the Battle of Kösedağ on July 3, 1243.
8
Who was The Ottoman Principality established in northwestern Anatolia by ?
The Ottoman Principality was established in northwestern Anatolia in the early thirteenth century by Osman Ghazi who began to expand its borders.
9
Who was Murat I ?
Murat I was the first Ottoman ruler honored as Sultan. He was called Hüdavendigâr (Hüda means creator of the world) used in place of sultan as well.
10
Who was the term Sultan used for an Ottoman ruler for the first time by?
The term Sultan was used for an Ottoman ruler for the first time by Murat I.
11
Who were Timurids?
Timurids were a Persianate Turco-Mongol empire ruled by Tamerlane (Timur) who claimed suzerainty over the Anatolian Turkmen rulers.
12
Who did The Ottoman state turn into a world power especially after the conquest of Constantinople in 1453 by ?
The Ottoman state turned into a world power especially after the conquest of Constantinople in 1453 by Sultan Mehmet II
13
When did Selim I become the first Ottoman caliph?
After he defeated Mamluks in 1517, Selim I became the first Ottoman caliph.
14
Why did the territorial losses in Europe stimulate the Ottoman Rulers?
The territorial losses in Europe stimulated the Ottoman Rulers to reconsider their politics and they began to search for solutions to regain power.
15
When did Patrona Halil Revolt take place ?
Patrona Halil Revolt that took place in 1730 marked the end of the so-called Tulip Age.
16
What does ''Ekberiyet''mean?
Ekberiyet means the right of succession of the first born or the eldest.
17
What is ''The Imperial Harem''?
The Imperial Harem (the women’s section) or known as Harem-i Hümayun was the house of the dynasty. It was an institution that had to ensure the continuation of the Ottoman dynasty.
18
What is ''The Dîvân-ı Hümayûn''?
The Dîvân-ı Hümayûn, the Imperial Council, was originally a court of justice and appeals… At the same time, the Divan acted as the supreme organ of government and, in wartime, served as a high command.
19
After the conquest of Constantinople, Mehmet II asked the people of Istanbul mainly the Greeks and Genoese to return and guaranteed their life and safety.What did he he restore?
He restored the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate on 6 January 1454 and established a Jewish Grand Rabbi and an Armenian Patriarch in the city.
20
Who are ''The dragomans''?
The dragomans were interpreters and they were usually Jews or converted Europeans until the end of the seventeenth century. The leading Greek Orthodox
families of the Phanar sector of Istanbul replaced these dragomans in the eighteenth century (Naff, 1963, pp.300-301).
21
When did The Ottoman diplomatic relations with the European countries start?
The Ottoman diplomatic relations with the European countries started after the Treaty of Karlowitz (1699) in the eighteenth century since the conditions necessitated active Ottoman participation in the European diplomatic arena.