The older folks prepared for sleep by praying to one of their gods, in the Egyptian case, the sun god Ra or god of the underworld, afterlife and the dead Osiris, or variants of the relations of the gods.

The lands between the Tigris and the Euphrates rivers mark the geographical boundary of the Mesopotamian Civilization.

All the statements are true facts about the Mesopotamian Civilization that makes it special for the study of civilizations.

In Hammurabi’s rules people committing some certain crimes have to pay with shekels of silver.

Fukuzawa Yukichi (1835-1901) in Japan, defined it as follows: “civilization comforts man physically and elevates him spiritually…Civilization advances the well-being and dignity of man, since man acquires these benefits through knowledge and virtue.”

According to Tri-Element Model (TEM) Tribe belongs to Human element. Others can be found under Culture element of the model.

The timeline of The First Founding Pharaohs is 3150 - 2680 BCE

Its traditionalitty, genesis, uniqueness, roots in the Nile and the Rift Valley of Africa and longevity are aspects of ancient Egyptian civilization

The Mesopotamian Civilization is thought to be the founding civilization in world history. That is, its first settlers (5000 BCE) stand out as the earliest, surely in the Western world, to form a civilization.

Sumerian society was based on a complex
arrangement that combined freedom with
its opposite, dependence. It was ruled by law
(developed by Hammurabi) and ready for frequent
wars.

A tribe is a group of (especially primitive) families or communities, linked by social, economic, religious, or blood ties, and usually having common customs, dialect, and a recognized, informal leader. A tribe can be considered a segmented society devoted to horticulture or pastoralism rather than hunting and gathering.

Supra-national community has these features indicated in I, II, and III options in the question. Therefore, the correct answer is the option D.

An English historian Arnold Toynbee (1889-1975) published his greatest work in the twelve-volume A Study of History (1934-1961). He compared the history of twentysix different civilizations, which everyone follows a similar pattern of evolution through a cyclical pattern of growth, maturity, and decay. He believed that societies thrive best in response to challenges and that a society’s most important task is to create a religion. 

New weapons like bows and arrows are made.

It is in the age of the Assyrian Colonies (1950 – 1750 BCE) that we can discern the early, almost historical period of Anatolia. 

it was the beginning of mankind’s attempt to codify law

When the fourth law is violated there will be a chaos and eventually a collapse as in the example of Poland. 

 The Phrygian language was developed from the Phoenician alphabet, and it later played an influential role in the Greek alphabet. Right answer is “A”.

A (Animal- shaped embossed vases)

E male deity who represented the sky

i. They were settled in eastern Anatolia.    ii. They built channels for irrigation   iii. Their art was based on the metal work