Data processing is the transformation process of data to information as a result of some specific operations on raw data. Accordingly, data is the input and information is the output of data processing. Activities performed in data processing may be listed as in the following: Record, Verify, Classify, Sort or adjust, Mathematical or logical calculation, Summarize, Reproduce, Store, Access and Transfer.

Succession planning is a key element of human resource planning. Succession planning is the process to identify key positions within the company and develop plans to fill those positions either with internal or external staff.

Information systems are open systems in which the input is data and the output is information.

The first and the most important of internal knowledge sources is business employees. The correct answer is E.

Benefits module of HRIS embraces mandatory benefits and insurance payment information.

One of the reasons to install or renew an information system is easier decision making. Information systems make use of real time data allowing managers to make better decisions in short time.

Increasing competitiveness among businesses, increasing effectiveness through reengineering HR processes and functions, and improving users satisfaction and function are some of the benefits of HRIS among others.

The smallest element of data is called a bit, and byte is a group of eight bits. Giga and mega are the binary prefixes for storage capacity, meaning one billion and one million respectively.

Assessing the present competence levels of individuals and then analyzing future market dynamics generate the competence gap of company.

Talent management is not the same thing as human capital management. Whereas talent management, as one component of human capital management, focuses on the individual, human capital refers to the value of people in business. Talent management is looking for the ways to recruit, retain, promote and train the business’s most talented employee.

Apart from “being tangible”, the rest of the items were a characteristics of software. Hardware is tangible whereas software is intangible.

One of the important activities in scope and planning phase is to determine the benefits of the business as a result of the application of the project and the definition of the goals. Stakeholders of the first phase are system owners, internal system administrators, project managers and system analysts. Generally, system users are not involved with this phase. System analyst is a specialist who understands both business and computing. Project managing is system analyst’s role and project manager is responsible for initiating, planning, executing and closing the project. For the system owners and users, system analysts identify and validate business problems and needs. Interviews are conducted with the system owners and internal system administrators, findings are summarized, project scope is forecasted and results are reported.

The Linear Sequential Models are used in the systems where the life cycle is long, in the development of large systems and / or in the systems where it is compulsory to meet some requirements with certain regulations. Systems with a long life cycle will be in use for a very long time, so carrying out the maintenance process without having requirements, design, development, modification etc. documents will cause too many resources (cost, time) to be consumed. For this reason, the Linear Sequential Model is used in the development of large-scale, long-lasting systems that comply with certain regulations.

Model management subsystem provides financial, statistical, mathematical or other analytical models to the decision maker.

Process control systems are used to provide support in managing physical processes and inappropriate decision making. Mentioned decisions here may be obtained through computers after specific parameters are identified.

Easier Decision Making: Information systems make use of real time data allowing managers to make better decisions in short time.

• Determine who, what, where, when, why, and how of the observation. • Receive permission from managers. • Inform those who will be observed. • Take notes during or immediately after the observation. • Review observation notes with appropriate individuals. • Don’t interrupt individuals at work. • Don’t make assumptions.

Control and feedback are two important functions performed on open systems. Control function involves monitoring and evaluating feedback to determine whether a system is moving toward the achievement of its goal. The control function then makes the necessary adjustments to a system’s input and processing components to ensure that it produces proper output. The results obtained with control function are transmitted to system as input once again with a function named feedback.

Radio wave is a sub category of unguided media.

Scope and planning-Requirement analysis- Design-Development and Test-Installation and Deployment-Operation and Development.