A Local Area Network (LAN) interconnects communication devices within a small geographical area such as an office, home, building, or factory. The main purpose of building a LAN is to provide an environment for workstations and personal computers to exchange information and share resources (e.g., network storage, printers, and applications).

Information systems are made up of five components: hardware, software, data, network communication, and people. The first four components fall under the technology category. Thus, the correct answer is people,

Common properties each system has can be listed as follows:  Every system has a specific purpose. The purpose underlines the fact that system has at least one function. System has more than one component (part, element). There is a relationship and interaction between the components forming the system. Components form a whole. There is an integrity and order in each formation that is thought to be a system.

In this phase, the system whose properties are determined in the design phase is realized and software and tested. Programmers develop the system building software and between old and new system. Programmers and analysts apply tests to determine whether or not the system satisfies the requirements and correct the errors that may occur in program pieces or in whole system.

The system acquisition alternative which requires minimum internal resource is service purchase. In this approach, the formation or supply of the system is given to an outside supplier, developer, or service provider. Service purchase can be performed in different ways. Service provider firm offers software applications and software related services over the internet. In this approach, service provider keeps and manages the software application on its own server.

Structured decisions are routine and frequently repeated decisions. The first decision inventory reordering is a routine decision in which the inventory reorder point is predefined and the decision maker should know at which point he should give the order. Also, deciding the production level and overtime payment decisions are predefined decisions as inventory reordering, and they do not have any uncertainty. However, selecting a new manager contains higher uncertainty because its effects will last in the long-term for the business. Therefore, it is an unstructured decision type.

The Scrum Model has three steps. In the first step main planning is done to form the overall objectives of the project and the design of the software architecture. It is followed by sprint cycle, which provides an increment in the system every round. In the final stage, the project is being closed and the product documentation and the experience gained from the project are evaluated.

Spreadsheet programs are powerful tools for getting meaning out of raw data by means of discovering trends and patterns using data bars, spark lines, color coding, and icons.

Transaction processing systems process, records and stores the data produced in business. They provide the most significant contribution for databases. Because their high data processing activity levels, transaction processing systems are the fundamental information generator for business and other information systems within the business.

A payroll subsystem is used to compute gross pay and taxes and to make other calculations such as paychecks for health insurance or retirement plans.

The process of transforming tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge with the help of words, numbers, visual or audial tools, and sharing with other persons and units is called externalization.

The components of an informationsystem: people, hardware, software, data, and network resources, they are used to transform data resources intoinformation products.

If the HRIS was removed, it would still be a model of organizational functioning. However, it would run more slowly and less efficiently, and this could damage the competitiveness of a business in its marketplace.

There may be several reasons to install or renew an information system. New business models, new product services, cost reduction, easier decision making, change and regulations, customer relationship manager are some of the reasons. Yet high cost can be regarded as a drawback.

Pardus is a Linux distribution developed by the Turkish government. In addition to being an open source operating system, Pardus is the first effort to make open source and free software more prevalent in public institutions of Turkey

Wisdom-why, knowledge-how, information- who, where, what, when-data-no question.

User requirements may be determined by using one or more of the following methods:

• Interviews
• Observation of the work environment
• Sampling records, forms and documents
• Surveys
• Prototyping
• Joint application design

However, narration is not a relevant method for requirement analysis.

Knowledge is the meaningful and value adding form of data and information which are transformed as a result of some processes and adjustments to be effective in decision making. Knowledge is acquired as a result of combining thoughts, experiments, foresights and intuitions with purposeful information and evaluating them. Also, the concept of knowledge may be evaluated in two categories as know-how and knowledge of state.