Vote by Parliament can remove or replace prime minister  in  the Westminster parliamentary system.The correct answer is D:

Plutocracy is a form of leadership resulting from the very wealthy taking control of government. Its only purpose for its members is to make them richer by controlling the government that supported their wealth in the first place.

United States has the lowest voter turnout with 46%. (Figure 6.7)

Although the government of the United States provides elements of direct democracy, mostly it demonstrates a republic form of government. Citizens participate in direct elections for their legislative leadership, but it is this representative leadership that determines the form and process of central government. The correct answer is E.

The idea of citizenship formed in the city-states of Ancient Greece and evolved during the Roman Empire into the modern nation-states. Citizenship has been expressed as political participation in public life in the form of voting and public demonstrations. Today it is considered to be a broad concept that includes all activities that are a part of personal and public relations in the political community.The correct answer is C.

In the United States during the years when poor treatment of minority groups caused citizen unrest, a civil disobedience referred to as the Montgomery Bus Boycott took place in which an African American refused to yield her seat on a public bus to a white man. The demonstrator was arrested and fined, but her behavior led to other demonstrations to emphasize an unjust government behavior.

Political participation is any activity in which citizens, or groups of citizens, take steps to influence the government. Politically-active citizens help shape political elements in government. Their individual participation may include voting, attending public forums, and being members in active groups. The correct answer is C.

The term “political party” means a group with a unified goal to fill political jobs and support particular ideas.

Political culture as a concept is recent. It is credited to Gabriel Almond (1956) as a unifying idea to help understand how people who work together and share common beliefs and common expectations, deal with political issues.

Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of individual needs. Citizens pursue issues of self-fulfillment based on liberal values found in 18th century claims for support of citizens. Self-actualisation takes the top place in Maslow's list.

Many African nations are considered hybrid democracies because there are elections for leadership but there is little government support for citizens. Tanzania is one example, modelled on a unitary form of government. Its president is both head of state and head of government.

Richard Bellamy defines citizenship as a condition of civic equality.

Denizenship is a status of residential quasi-citizenship combined with external formal citizenship granted by the sending country.

Main concern of an authoritarian would  agree on the  full government influence expecting strict controls for the sake of safety and security. The correct answer is D.

The answer is A.

China represents a complex environment of cultural issues resulting from political differences. Chinese society represents a value system often in conflict with strict Marxist values found in communism. Influence on China’s culture results from a complicated interplay of social behaviors.The correct answer is E.

European countries each have their own ways of making and enforcing their citizenship laws. It is usual to discuss the concept of citizenship before and after the Second World War, which changed the concept of citizenship dramatically. Citizenship was a contract between the rights-holder, or citizen, and the nation-state. This was actually an exclusionary contract because migrants from other nations did not have any chance to become citizens. This style was dominant in nation-states until the mid-20th century, but started to decline in popularity as a result of the huge migrations after World War II. The correct answer is E.

The idea of the nation-state, originating from the holistic notion of culture, is essentially rooted in a “name,” a common ancestry, a set of common historical memories and myths, a national anthem, a common territory for which the “forefathers” have died, a national economy, and a set of common legal rights and duties.

Popular form of disobedience is demonstrated by spontaneous protest marches where government permission to assembly is not granted. The correct answer is B

Switzerland is a good example of direct democracy. Referendum voting in Switzerland follows three different methods: mandatory, popular initiative, and optional.