Polıtıcal Thought Final 4. Deneme Sınavı
Toplam 12 Soru1.Soru
Which of the following are included in Bodin’s definition / principles of sovereignty?
- Sovereignty is a supreme form of power.
- Sovereignty has limitations.
- Monarchy guarantees sovereignty that is absolute and continuous.
- Property is within the domain of the sovereignty’s power.
|
I, II |
|
I, III |
|
I, II, III |
|
II, III, IV |
|
I, II, III, IV |
The statements in I, II, III are in accord with Bodin’s definition of sovereignty. However, according to Bodin, since property naturally belongs to a family, it should be beyond the domain of power of sovereignty. Therefore, (c) is the correct answer.
2.Soru
Which of the following is an element of true religion according to Jean Calvin?
|
Humankind |
|
Religion |
|
Nature |
|
Laws |
|
Faith |
Calvin claims that social order organized in accord with the true religion is composed of three elements:
1. The Governors, the source of duty is God.
2. Laws, as the products of natural justice imprinted in all minds by God.
3. The Governed, who are responsible to obey the governors as much as the laws of God (Ağaoğulları, et. al., 2016).
3.Soru
Which one of the following philosophers' works can be pointed out as a resource of inspiration for Al-Farabi's works?
|
Aristotle |
|
Socrates |
|
Cicero |
|
Epicurus |
|
Polybius |
Al-Fa^ra^bi^’s written works on politics-as well as his other works on philosophy- appear to have a familiarity with Plato and Aristotle. However, when political philosophy is the case, his direct resources of inspiration are as follows: 1. Aristotle’sNicomachean Ethics; 2. Plato’s Republic; and, 3. Aristotle’s Politics, which was only partially available in Arabic.
4.Soru
- Minimization of individual differences
- Achieving the best for personal interest
- Individual's using their maximum potential
Which of the ideas above belong to rightist anarchists?
|
Only III |
|
I and III |
|
II and III |
|
I and II |
|
I, II and III |
Rightist anarchists advocate a society in which the differences of individuals are minimized. ey wish the government to be diminished so that individuals would achieve the best for their own interests. ey claim that the society will advance to the best when each individual tries to achieve the best for his/her own. The correct option is D.
5.Soru
What is the economic mode of production depending on the private property in which the means of production are owned by a small group of individuals?
|
Alienation |
|
Capitalism |
|
Dialectic materialism |
|
Socialism |
|
Neo-liberalism |
Capitalism is an economic mode of production depending on the private property in which the means of production are owned by a small group of individuals.
6.Soru
Which one of the following administrative systems had already become a widespread form of government in the western Europe in the early years of the 16th Century?
|
Constitutional Democracy |
|
Absolute Monarchy |
|
Democratic Monarchy |
|
Republicanism |
|
Modern Democracy |
Absolute monarchy already became a widespread form of government in the Western Europe in the early years of the 16th century. The absolute monarchy was a combination of blood and iron depending clearly on force to a great extend.
7.Soru
Which of the following refers to the hypothetical position of primordial equality that Rawls offers, in which parties stand behind a veil of ignorance where they have no knowledge of their own societal positions?
|
primordial position |
|
ignorant position |
|
equal position |
|
just position |
|
original position |
The original position refers to a hypothetical position of primordial equality in which parties stand behind a veil of ignorance where they have no knowledge of their own societal positions (for example, their social class and statue, natural assets and abilities, their life plans and conception of the good, cultural belonging, or generation), except that of “the general facts about human society”. Thus, E is the correct answer.
8.Soru
Who suggested the "climate theory" to conceptualize the differing social characteristics of people living in cold and warm environments?
|
Montesquieu |
|
Rousseau |
|
Kant |
|
Marx |
|
Locke |
The correct answer is A.
9.Soru
As Calvinist reformism Dignified work and personal success, which of the followings may Calvinist reformism be considered to constitute the basis of?
|
Capitalism. |
|
Socialism. |
|
Communism. |
|
Aristocracy. |
|
Oligarchy. |
Calvinist reformism dignifies work and personal success, and this constitutes the basis for capitalist development. Advanced capitalism, in turn, resolved the Calvinist limits of true religion around the believers of personal skills, industriousness and success. Therefore, the correct option is A.
10.Soru
I. Economic factors
II. Technological advantages
III. Social factors
IV. Class consciousness
According to Marx, which of the statements above are the antecedents for the proletariat revolution?
|
I and II |
|
II and IV |
|
I, II and III |
|
II, III and IV |
|
I, III and IV |
I. Economic factors
III. Social factors
IV. Class consciousness
11.Soru
What is the difference between the utilitarian and libertarian accounts of social justice?
|
Libertarianism highlights the importance of certain inalienable rights of individual whilst utilitarianism attaches priority to the aggregative interests of society. |
|
Utilitarianism highlights the importance of certain inalienable rights of individual whilst libertarianism attaches priority to the aggregative interests of society. |
|
Libertarianism highlights the importance of moral of the society whilst utilitarianism attaches priority to the aggregative interests of society. |
|
Utilitarianism highlights the importance of moral of the society whilst libertarianism attaches priority to the aggregative interests of society. |
|
Libertarianism highlights the importance of certain inalienable rights of individual whilst utilitarianism attaches priority to the needs of individual. |
The difference between the utilitarian and libertarian accounts of social justice is based on the priorities of each conception. Libertarianism highlights the importance of certain inalienable rights of individual whilst utilitarianism attaches priority to the aggregative interests of society with a perspective putting the individuals’ rights at the second row. The correct answer is choice A.
12.Soru
Which of the following concepts is not discussed in the idea of social justice either in classical or contemporary ages?
|
Freedom |
|
Merit |
|
Covenant |
|
Free-will |
|
Religion |
Both in classical and contemporary ages, the idea of social justice is discussed in relation to various concepts such as rights, desert, merit, rule, covenant, consent, free-will, freedom, fairness, choice, well-being, poverty, inequality. However, “religion” is not one of those concepts. The correct answer is choice E.