Organizations, with their own legally independent and permanent bodies and powers, differ from other international platforms, conferences and say summits. They are also distinguished from international regimes, which are in fact general mechanisms foreseen and consumed by a group of States for accomplishing various individual goals. International and regional organizations possess a legal personality, as well as being an autonomous political entity, and may well act on their own behalf despite the fact that their decisions and policies are shaped thanks to the votes of the member States. Possessing an international legal personality, first and foremost, means having rights, powers and obligations within international legal realm. Organizations are not only subject to all relevant sorts of international responsibilities, they also have the capacity and capability to create legal rules. However their personality, especially compared to States which are sovereign actors and subjects, is a limited one. As can be understood from the information given, all the answer choices include the characteristics of international organizations, so the correct answer is E.

Regional organizations have started to have a considerable impact on global politics since the end of the Second World War.

States tend to establish, or become a member of regional military alliances in order to strengthen their security.

Economic cooperation organizations  are established in order to facilitate and foster trade relations and economic cooperation in between States that usually share common borders.

Liberals (idealists, rationalists) suggest that States are not (potential) enemies
but (potential) partners, as they basically stand for providing welfare and peace to their respective citizens.

NAFTA member states are the USA, Canada and Mexico.

In the closed regionalism, regional organizations try to protect themselves from the competition stemming from outside. Founding actors try to protect their borders against the competition from third parties.

The six factors that affect the type of regionalism are power relations, regional identity, ideologies, threat perceptions, political regime of regional states, and the structure of the international system.

The correct choice is E.

European Union is an example of multi-purpose regional organizations. Others are examples of of single-purpose regional organizations.

Peacekeeping operations involving military troops were started by the UN’s General Assembly in 1956 and taken over by the Security Council later. Regional organizations’ participation came much later in 1990s. There is a growing cooperation between the UN and regional organizations since then, but it is still a new phenomenon, and the peacekeeping operation in Syria is called UNDOF.

All of them are among the reasons why organizations are established.

(a) To expand consultation and cooperation between the United Nations and regional and subregional organizations through formalized agreements between the respective secretariats and, as appropriate, involvement of regional organizations in the work of the Security Council;
(b) To ensure that regional organizations that have a capacity for the prevention of armed conflict or peacekeeping consider the option of placing such capacity in the framework of the United Nations Standby Arrangements System;
(c) To strengthen cooperation in the economic, social and cultural fields.

Although the idea of founding another universal political organization after the war has arisen early during the Second World War (1941), universal membership was decided only at 1944 Yalta Conference.

The ‘implementation gap’ refers to the difference or vacuum between the declared goals and actual achievements of regional organizations.

Secretariat is the body that in fact both supplies and represents the legal personality of the organization. It is the only body that is not composed of the representatives of the member States but rather employs officers working for, and accountable to, the organization itself.

In addition, economic organizations can be further classified as well since they try to realize different objectives. Some of them try to create a preferential trade area (PTA) among member states.

the Iranian Revolution in 1979 and the Iran-Iraq war between 1989-1988 became the major reasons for the initiation of the Gulf Cooperation Council since the Gulf countries were alarmed by these events