CEVAP:

The first opposition parties organized against the İTC are The Ottoman Liberals Party (Osmanlı Ahrar Fırkası-OAF) with liberal/conservative tendencies and  The Moderate Liberal Party (Mutedil Hürriyetperveran Fırkası-MHF). OAF is a party founded by the supporters of Prince Sabahaddin, based primarily on private enterprise and decentralization. The party was founded on 14 September 1908.  MHF, on the other hand, was a liberal party founded by some members of parliament in November 1909 and based on Ottomanism.