CEVAP:

1. Identify the major objectives and conclusions.

2. Identify phrases with keywords in the methods section.

3. Identify the major results from the discussion or results section.

4. Assemble the above information into a single paragraph.

5. State your hypothesis or method used in the first sentence.

6. Omit background information, literature review, and detailed description of methods.

7. Remove extra words and phrases.

8. Revise the paragraph so that the abstract conveys only the essential information.

9. Check to see if it meets the guidelines of the targeted journal.

10. Give the abstract to a colleague (preferably one who is not familiar with your work) and ask him/her whether it makes sense.