CEVAP:

North and West Africa trade relations were long lasting and legendary in their orderly and technical management. Barters of gold, salt, ivory, incense, grain, animal skin, precious minerals were exchanged with finished goods such as silk, jewelry, and household implements. The kingdoms of Maghreb, Fezzan, and Libya were important powers, commanding trade and military presence extending to southwest and central Africa. The dominant national group with proven warrior attributes were the Berber.  In addition to their warrior skills, the Berber of North Africa were intrepid traders. Prominent kings of the Berber who ruled around 135 BCE were Syphax, king of Mauritania, and Massinissa who ruled over the Kingdom of Numidia, a territory covering parts of Tunisia and Algeria. They interacted and allied with Carthage in a subordinate role, but they also showed indomitable spirit and enterprising aptitude for trade.