Starting with the early 1970s some worldorder scholars have come to be known as cosmopolitanists. These scholars have had such common views on international relations: (1) Environmental conditions pose a threat to order. As a result, the state has become obsolete as a political organization and it should be modified and preferably transformed in the long run; (2) a specific understanding of justice, “distributive justice,” should be achieved at the global level; (3) a global community is on the rise and that community would help achieve distributive justice; (4) in this process many new institutions both above and below the state level would be necessary to establish. Therefore, the correct option is E.