Intergovernmental organizations are divided into three categories:

• IGOs under the total control of the leading member states
• Semi-autonomous IGOs
• Autonomous IGOs

This typology is based on member states’ influence in the organization. The first type of IGOs reflects the classical realist approach that IGOs only act on the basis of the will of their member states. Semi-autonomous IGOs, on the other hand, are organizations that can cooperate with states to achieve collective goals through mediating or arbitrating disputes, providing forums, and helping toward finding a peaceful solution to conflicts. On the other hand, autonomous organizations enjoy a freedom of maneuver in pursuing their own policies. As is also understood from the information given, the correct answer is C. “IGOs under the total control of the leading member states”, “Semi-autonomous IGOs” and “Autonomous IGOs” are the categories of intergovermental organizations (IGOs) according to the typology which is based on member states’ influence in the organization.

Another typology of organizations based on the membership criterion is related to the geographical representation. Regional organization and is a category of this group. If the members of an organization belong to a specific geographical region, this kind of organization is classified as a regional organization. The most notable examples of regional organizations are the European Union (EU), the African Union (AU) and the Organization of American States (OAS). If its membership is not confined to a particular region and open to all states, this kind of organization is classified as a universal organization such as the UN. Nevertheless, this typology is contested. For one thing, the scope of a regional organization is not always clear; for another, its membership may be defined on the basis of a common economic, social, cultural, and political background.