According to Gartner (2010), swarm is characterized by a flurry of collective activity involving anyone who is able to add value to a task. They form quickly, solve the problem or grab an opportunity, and then quickly disperse. Their members are not members of the same formal group, and probably include people who have never worked together (Buchanan and Huczynski, 2017, p. 320). However, academic researchers refer to this work arrangement as a huddle.