Theoretical evolution of this concept has started in the age of enlightenment in Europe. Rene Descartes, who is the founder of modern philosophy, believed that whole could only be understood by reducing it into small pieces. The term, which is based on the idea “a whole is the sum of its parts”, is called as reductionism. Reductionism has a very significant effect on the development of scientific research as well as organization of work in modern society. Adam Smith, father of economics, believed the benefits of applying job division for daily work routines. Frederic Winslow Taylor used these ideas to organize job in modern organizations. He suggested job simplification principle, which means jobs should be broken into simple tasks to achieve efficiency and order in his revolutionary book Principles of Scientific Management published in 1911. The correct answer is Choice E.