According to Montesquieu, climate and land determine the general characteristics of societies. Social characteristics are also reflected in the forms of management. In the same way, the emergence of social rules has the effect of these variables. In the northern countries where cold climate prevails, people are more laborious and disciplined. They can adapt more easily to the rules of life together because climate conditions force people to do this. These people have high self-esteem because they are able to survive despite difficult conditions. This situation also reflects positively on social relations.

In this respect, the person who trusts himself also trusts others. So the states in the northern countries become stronger. People living here also tend to be more easily adapted to social rules. They are also fond of their freedom. Therefore, it is almost impossible to occupy and enslave their countries.

According to Montesquieu, in the southern countries, warm climate pushes people to be lazy. They do not like working and being disciplined. People living in these regions have problems with authority. For this reason, people living in the South cannot develop a regular and strong union. This includes political structures they build. They build weaker states. It is therefore much easier for states established in the South to be invaded. Similarly, it may be possible to enslave people living in the southern regions. The same applies to the structure and breadth of the state land. Seizing the mountainous states is difficult. But it is easier to keep them. It is much easier to conquer states that are spread over large plains. The administrative form of the state varies according to the geographical characteristics of the country. As it is understood from this, people are natural and their needs are developing in the light of these differences (Ağaoğulları, 2011, p.549). The characteristic aspects of people living in the same geography have common characteristics. Montesquieu describes this as an expression of “general soul”.