When paraphrasing we generally begin the sentence with a signal phrase. When we want to imply that an author ‘argues in favor’, the verb that we use indicates that the source is providing evidence or reason for a position. Common signal phrases in this sense include argues, asserts, contends, demonstrates, holds, illustrates, indicates, ,insists, maintains, shows, supports and proposes. Differs and refutes means ‘argues against’; and determines implies drawing a conclusion from previous discussion.