Sheila Grader (1988) directly took the issue with Jones’ article and disagreed with him on the existence of a distinct English School. She argued that the authors, whom Jones grouped within a school, could not be taken as forming a distinct and common school because each of those authors had his own views and opinions about the study of international relations. The unifying elements listed by Jones were too general and vague so as to consider those authors as part of a distinct school. Even if the said authors shared those elements, they had their own interpretations rather than a common understanding.