To end the exploitation relations between the oppressor and the oppressed.

To accept the individual as the basic unit of social analysis.

To establish a gradual or evolutionist change is healthier in terms of both the individual and the social order.

To synthesize nationalism with liberal values such as democracy and the rule of law.

To defend a kind of ‘defective’ and ‘limited’ human nature against the optimistic human nature of the Enlightenment.