Three parties were allowed to participate in the 1983 elections. These were the Nationalist Democracy Party (Milliyetçi Demokrasi Partisi MDP) led by Retired General Turgut Sunalp, The Populist Party (Halkçı Parti-HP) led by Necdet Calp, who also served as principal clerk to İnonü, and the Motherland Party (Anavatan Partisi-ANAP) led by Turgut Özal, who served as the minister responsible for the economy in the post-coup government. Although Kenan Evren clearly favoured the MDP, ANAP which was given the role of ‘small/half’ party, won the election by %45.1 vote rate. ANAP is Turkey’s first truly ‘catch-all’ party. Özal, who claimed to unite the four tendencies, described his party as a nationalist, conservative, and a party in favour of free enterprise and social justice. ANAP was a party with weak ideological basis, that combined politics with economic rationality, promised social and economic transformation (with Özal’s conceptualization ‘transformation’ and ‘leap of age’), and paid attention to the welfare of the middle classes (as Özal calls it ‘the middle pillar’).