Young Ottomans was a secret society established around the organization called “İttifak-ı Hamiyet”. These young people, customarily from prosperous families, fled to Europe after an unsuccessful attempt of coup d’état in 1867 and were reorganized under the name of “Young Ottomans Society” there (Tanör, 2006, p. 123). The critics about the implementations of the Tanzimat Era and the actors behind these practices (Mustafa Reşit, Ali and Fuat Pashas) brought together the peoples such as Namık Kemal, Şinasi, Ali Suavi, Ziya Pasha, Mustafa Fazıl Pasha, Sadık Rıfat Pasha, Agah Efendi, Reşad Bey, Mehmed Bey under the roof of the “Young Ottomans Society”.

The correct answer is B.