Turkish Polıtıcs Deneme Sınavı Sorusu #992260

Which one is not true about the National Unity Committee which was founded after 27 May 1960 Coup D'état?


The National Unity Committee was founded as a result of a serious confusion arose on managing the post-coup period.

The National Unity Committee consisted of 38 officers and most of them were colonels and lower ranking military officers.

The National Unity Committee banned all political activities within the country, and lots of people were arrested.

The National Unity Committee composed of officials who were predominantly pro-Republican People’s Party.

The National Unity Committee had a more homogeneous character which led to a fast decision-making process.


Yanıt Açıklaması:

Although there were a large number of young officers in the coup, their positions were not clear. Because the coup was not achieved in a chain of command, a serious confusion arose on managing the post-coup period. For this reason, the architects of the coup formed a commission which was called the National Unity Committee (Milli Birlik Komitesi). The National Unity Committee consisted of 38 officers and most of them were colonels and lower ranking military officers. The National Unity Committee had the authority to make regulations through which the power was effectively centred in the committee. In a short time, the National Unity Committee banned all political activities within the country, and lots of people were arrested. After the coup, most of the high ranking military officers who had served in the DP government were retired. There were 235 generals and admirals among almost 5,000 military officers who were retired. Only twenty generals remained in the army (Özdağ, 1997, p. 307). This has also ruined the hierarchy in the army. It was mentioned that most of the National Unity Committee members were officers in lower ranks. These officers were ordering their commanders, who were at the higher ranks. Within a short period of time, disagreements emerged within the National Unity Committee. More precisely, conflicting political views of the committee members who had acted together to achieve the coup d’etat emerged. The National Unity Committee composed of officials who were predominantly pro-Republican People’s Party. These officers wanted to act with the CHP leader İsmet İnönü. On the contrary, another group consisting of 14 people had nationalist tendencies. This group which was led by Alparslan Türkeş was against not only the DP but also the CHP. The power struggle between these two groups resulted in the removal of these 14 officers one of whom was Türkeş. They were given foreign missions and, through this way were distanced from the country. Thus, the National Unity Committee could have a more homogeneous character.

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