Transition to Democracy 1946–1960: The CHP government had already declared the end of restricted wartime measures and the beginning of a new era of cooperation between the state and the private sector. This sudden change in the CHP ideology was a result of the pressure from the donors of Western aid. DP won the elections in 1950, and Turkey entered into a more liberal economic and political era. This period was marked by capital accumulation in the private sector through government credits originated from foreign aid program. Using the state agencies like the Industrial Development Bank to distribute aid funds increased state patronage and the inefficient use of public funds. The flow of foreign credits as part of the Marshall Program was also used to import agricultural equipment as the general recovery of the world market and the interests of developed countries favored agricultural production and exports in the third world. The private sector started to integrate with international capital as foreign capital flowed in and the economy opened up. Etatism as an authoritarian intervention and control was undermined but this did not mean the abandonment of state investments and intervention. The intervention took the form of clientelism or supporting periphery against the center