Deneme Sınavı Soruları

Only I

Only II

I and II

I and III

II and III

The Principle of Specification

The Principle of Accuracy

Principle of Generality

The Principle of Sincerity

The Principles of Unity and Budget Accuracy

Plan Program Budget System (PPBS)

Zero-Based Budget System

Performance Budget

Traditional Budget System

Program Based Performance Budget System

Deconcentration

Fiscal equalization

Urbanisation

Fiscal deficit

Diffusing fiscal power

Audit Function

Legal Function

Economic and Financial Function

Political Function

Resource Distribution

Monitoring and Evaluation

Legislative Approval

Implementation

Budget Allocation

Budget Formulation

Price stability

Fiscal policy

Budget

Public debt

Government expenditures

Paid by weapons

Paid by in cash

Paid by in-kind

Paid by working physically

Paid by transfering wealth

Decentralisation may cause efficiency losses from the standpoint of co-ordination and control.

In a decentralised structure the costs of local services may bear on local people.

In a decentralised structure, it is easier to deal with the problem of externalities.

There is no trade-off between the benefits of centralisation and decentralisation in assigning responsibilities to different levels of government.

Decentralisation could increase production efficiency if the size of a decentralised unit is not large enough to support the economies of scale.

Only I

Only II

I and II

I and III

II and III

Only I

Only II

I and II

I and III

II and III

An inelastic tax system

An elastic tax system

There should be no tax system

Tax elasticity should be lower than 1

Tax elasticity should be 0

Only I

Only II

I and II

I and III

II and III

Effects of war and the need for defense

Resource mobilization and ability to finance

Inflation

The role of democracy and sacialism

Wealth taxation

Progresive taxes - incentives

Regressive taxes - incentives

Proportional taxes - incentives

Progresive taxes - subsidies

Correvtive taxes - subsidies

Higher income elasticity leads to a decrease in public expenditure due to more efficient market production. 

As per capita income increases, public expenditure decreases because of greater private sector investment. 

An increase in per capita income is correlated with a greater share of public expenditure in the national revenue. 

The income elasticity of public expenditure has remained constant over time in developed countries like the United States. 

There is no significant correlation between income elasticity and public expenditure according to the studies cited.

Indiference curve

Isoquant curve

Utility possibility curve

Production possibility curve

Total demand curve

The state's minimal role in the economy leads to a reduction in public expenditure. 

As a welfare state, the government reduces public expenditure by outsourcing services to the private sector. 

There is a persistent trend towards a decrease in public expenditure due to the state's reduced intervention in the economy. 

The state's expanding role in providing social services results in an increasing trend of public expenditure. 

Wagner’s Law suggests that public expenditure is not affected by the state's role in advancing citizens' wellbeing.

Public borrowing will tend to rise steadily as the economy grows

Progressive taxes will tend to rise steadily as the economy grows

Prgressive taxes will tend to rise steadily as the economy grows

Public spending will tend to rise steadily as the economy grows

Social progress will tend to rise steadily as the economy grows

Infrastructure industry - services sector

Manufacturing industry - government sector

Iron and steel industry - services sector

Manufacturing industry - services sector

Manufacturing industry - private sector