Deneme Sınavı Soruları

Trade flows

Trade balance

Trade surplus

Trade deficit

Trade increase

By setting fixed exchange rates with commodities like gold or silver.

Through interventions in the foreign exchange market by buying or selling foreign currencies.

By completely abstaining from any form of intervention in the foreign exchange markets.

Through unilateral decisions without considering the domestic economy's needs.

By increasing or decreasing government expenditures.

The total of a country's gold reserves held by the central bank and accessible for monetary policy uses.

The cumulative value of long-term government and corporate bonds available in the financial market, including both domestic and foreign issued securities.

The total market capitalization of publicly traded companies within the national stock exchange, including both primary and secondary market transactions.

The total stock of banknotes and coins issued by the central bank in circulation and the demand deposits held by the public.

The aggregate of all financial derivatives and liquid assets within the national economy, including futures, options, and swap contracts.

Assets include physical property and stock investments; liabilities consist of government debt and loans to financial institutions.

Assets are comprised of domestic and foreign assets, including loans to banks and securities; liabilities include currency in circulation and bank reserves.

Assets are solely in the form of gold reserves and real estate; liabilities include corporate bonds and equity holdings.

Assets include digital currencies and patents; liabilities consist of digital wallet balances and intellectual property rights.

Assets are made up of consumer loans and mortgages; liabilities consist of savings accounts and certificate of deposits.

Using both fiscal and monetary policies for external deficit correction

Implementing contractionary fiscal policy to combat inflation and expansionary monetary policy to address external surplus

Applying fiscal policy for internal balance problems and monetary policy for external balance problems

Pursuing expansionary monetary policy for internal surplus and contractionary fiscal policy for external deficit

Relying solely on monetary policy to solve both inflation and unemployment issues

Central bank increases foreign exchange reserves to stabilize the currency.

Government intervention in fiscal policies to directly impact trade balance.

Currency depreciation improves the trade balance by affecting exports and imports.

Fixed exchange rates adjust through monetary policy to counteract capital flows.

The central bank shifts the LM curve through changing interest rates.

It is the state where the domestic economy is isolated from the world.

It refers to achieving a surplus in the balance of payments only.

It signifies the equilibrium in the goods market alone.

It is the achievement of a balance of payments equilibrium.

It focuses on the equilibrium of the domestic goods market exclusively.

postively sloped

negatively sloped

parallel to horizontal axis 

parallel to vertical axis 

vertical

horizontally

vertically

negatively sloped

positively sloped

parallel to vertical axis

It leads to a permanent increase in national income.

It results in a significant capital inflow that stabilizes the exchange rate.

It is ineffective due to the appreciation of the domestic currency.

It consistently improves the country's trade balance by increasing exports.

It causes a long-term decrease in the interest rate, stimulating investment.

A system where the exchange rate fluctuates based on market trends.

A regime that allows for periodic adjustments based on economic indicators.

A policy where the exchange rate is determined by international agreements.

The monetary authorities officially set the country’s exchange rate at a predetermined value that is not allowed to change.

An approach that ties the currency value to a basket of foreign currencies, allowing for minor adjustments.

AS_SR has an increasing slope due to the marginal product of labor declining as output increases, while AS_LR is vertical at the natural level of output.

AS_SR is vertical, indicating no relation between price levels and output.

AS_LR has a decreasing slope due to the marginal product of labor increasing as output increases.

Both AS_SR and AS_LR shift in response to changes in the price level.

AS_LR represents the relationship between wage levels and employment, whereas AS_SR does not.

Consumption

Investment

Government Purchases

Import

Export

Local banks

International Money Fund

Central Bank

World Bank

Local finance units of countries

Currency value of the countries

It is adjusted for changes in the prices.

Differential changes are not evaluated in this rate.

It is directly affected by the foreign currency.

It can be seen in the financial sections of websites.

Export/ Import/Real GDP

Real GDP/Import/Export

Real GDP/Export/Import

Import/Real GDP/Export

Import/Export/Real GDP

Increases/ Increases/Increasing

Increases/ Increases/ Decreasing

Decreases/ Decreases/ Increasing

Decreases/ Increases/ Increasing

Increases/ Decreases / Decreasing

Price elasticity of demand for export and import should be more than 1.

Price elasticity of demand for export and import should be less than 1.

Income elasticity of demand for export and import should be more than 1.

Income elasticity of demand for export and import should be less than 1.

Income elasticity of demand for export and import should be more than 0.

Currency crisis

Asset bubbles

Hyperinflation

Balance of payment crisis

External debt crisis

New neoliberal policies in the international trade.

New establishment of the government in 1980.

End of banking crisis in these years.

An increase in the investment of R&D.

Being relatively less affected by the global crisis compared to developed countries.