Deneme Sınavı Soruları

200

300

400

500

600

Bundling sales

Tie-in sales

Long term sales

Constant sales

Marginal sales

innovation

externalities

invisibility

sustainability

network

0.2

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.8

Product differentiation by demand

Product differentiation by supply

Product differentiation by the weather

Product differentiation by location

Product differentiation by age

static efficiency 

dynamic efficiency

know-how

R&D activities

innovation

0.5

0.6

0.8

2

4

The encouragement of dominance in a market for goods or services within the country. 

The prohibition of the abuse of dominant position by one or more undertakings in a market for goods or services. 

The requirement that all dominant undertakings must engage in price fixing and market allocation. 

The prohibition of any firm holding a dominant position regardless of its market practices. 

The obligation for dominant undertakings to exclusively use their market power for consumer welfare.

Perfect competition

Monopsony

Duopoly

Monopoly

Oligopoly

1050

1194

1296

1412

1561

Horizontal product differentiation

Local product differentiation

Vertical product differentiation

Consumers' preferences product differentiation

Vertical demand differentiation

Static efficiency

Intellectual property

Dynamic efficiency

Invisibility problem

Appropriability problem

The Turkish competition law only applies to domestic markets and excludes any agreements, conducts, or mergers that affect international trade. 

The substantive provisions of Turkish competition law are set on two pillars: agreements limiting competition and abuse of market dominance. 

Turkish competition law does not allow for judicial review of the Competition Board’s decisions. 

Law No. 4054 in Türkiye is based on three pillars similar to the EU: agreements limiting competition, abuse of dominant position, and mergers or acquisitions. 

Amendments to the Turkish competition law have removed the requirement for undertakings to defend themselves against allegations before the Competition Board.

First-degree discriminates based on willingness to pay, third-degree discriminates based on product features.

First-degree involves setting a uniform price, third-degree involves personalized pricing.

First-degree aims to capture all consumer surplus, third-degree involves different pricing for different consumer groups.

First-degree is commonly used in perfect competition, third-degree is used in monopolistic competition.

First-degree relies on fixed fees, third-degree relies on variable fees.

To encourage new firms to enter the market

To facilitate collaboration among firms

To restrict entry by new firms

To promote market competition

To achieve economies of scale

higher total benefit

quantity discounts

lower total cost

higher profit

block pricing

Differentiating prices based on individual consumer characteristics

Extracting the entire consumer surplus for each transaction

Offering personalized pricing based on willingness to pay

Implementing non-linear price schedules, such as quantity discounts

Maximizing profit by capturing the entire consumer surplus

40

45

50

60

80

S_t = (1 - v_t) ꞏ S_{t -1}

S_t = (1 - v_t) / S_{t -1}

S_t = (1 + v_t) ꞏ S_{t -1}

S_t = (1 + v_t) / S_{t -1}

S_t = (1 + v_t + S_{t -1})

10

20

30

40

50