Economıcs of Scıence Technology and Innovatıon (ENG)
Deneme Sınavı Soruları
- 20 soru
- Cevap anahtarı açık: çöz, sonucunu gör
- 1
What does The Oslo Manual primarily provide guidelines for?
- 2
What is true about inventions and innovations?
- 3
Which of the following is defined as "comprise creative and systematic work undertaken in order to increase the stock of knowledge – including knowledge of humankind, culture and society – and to devise new applications of available knowledge"?
- 4
What is a key feature of Mokyr's definition of technology?
- 5
What is one major limitation of using patents as a proxy for innovation?
- 6
Which of the following is a broader term that is described as the ''creations of the mind, such as inventions; literary and artistic works; designs; and symbols, names, and images used in commerce, including copyrights, trademarks, patents, and related rights''?
- 7
What is the main resolution to Solow's productivity paradox?
- 8
What does product innovation refers to?
- 9
Which is NOT an advantage of big data in innovation measurement?
- 10What is one limitation of case studies used to measure social returns to R&D?
- 11Which of the following is an example of an industrial design under IPR?
- 12
Which of the following options provides a complete list of the types of conventional measurement of innovations?
- 13
According to Schumpeter, which of the following is a driving force of economic development?
- 14What makes an invention different from an innovation?
- 15Which method allows for calculating total factor productivity (TFP) in the primal approach?
- 16
What is the main advantage of using AI and web-based innovation indicators for measuring innovation, as discussed by Kinze and Lenz (2021)?
- 17
What is a significant issue when using value-added as a measure for output in assessing returns to R&D?
- 18
What does Solow's model suggest as the only source of long-run economic growth?
- 19
Fill in the blanks:
Schumpeter emphasized that innovation often involves creating a ____ combination of resources.
- 20What is a notable benefit of the firm-level approach to studying international R&D spillovers?