Economıcs of Scıence Technology and Innovatıon (ENG)
Deneme Sınavı Soruları
- 20 soru
- Cevap anahtarı açık: çöz, sonucunu gör
- 1Which manuals provide the fundamental tools to define concepts like R&D, innovation, and patents?
- 2What methodological challenge arises when estimating R&D spillovers using cross-country data?
- 3
Which of the following is NOT typically included in R&D statistics collected by statistics offices?
- 4What defines the difference between technology and technological product?
- 5
Which of the following is a primary issue related to the measurement of productivity when assessing the returns to R&D?
- 6
Which characteristic makes ideas and knowledge public goods?
- 7Why was James Watt’s steam engine patent considered controversial?
- 8
Which of the following refers to the exclusive rights granted to owners of distinctive signs (such as logos, names, or symbols) used in commerce to distinguish a firm’s goods or services from others?
- 9
In the context of automation, which task is least likely to be automated?
- 10
Which one of the following is an example of propositional knowledge?
- 11What is a key limitation of the Coe and Helpman approach mentioned in the chapter?
- 12
According to Kelly et al.'s (2021) paper introducing a new measure of technological innovation using patent text analysis, what is analyzed to determine the "impact" of patent X on future patents?
- 13
What does the term “General Purpose Technologies” refer to?
- 14What does the Coe and Helpman (1995) model use as a channel for international R&D spillovers?
- 15What type of knowledge is less likely to be transmitted via international spillovers?
- 16
What is one of the main reasons for the variability in private rates of return to R&D across different sectors?
- 17What is the key mechanism through which international R&D spillovers are transmitted?
- 18
What is the main purpose of policy impact analysis in the context of R&D and innovation data?
- 19What is a reason for lower R&D elasticity estimates in temporal models?
- 20
What is a triadic patent?