Economıcs of Scıence Technology and Innovatıon (ENG)
Ünite Sınavı Soruları
- 20 soru
- Soru metinleri açık; şıklar ve cevap anahtarı uygulamada
- 1
Free software or open source grants users four basic freedoms. Which of the following is not one of them?
- 2
Which innovation type involves changes in product design, packaging, or promotion strategies?
- 3
Which type of innovation occurs frequently in production processes and results in partial improvements in products or processes?
- 4
Many of the normal goods are traded in the market and their prices and quantities sold/bought are determined in the market. Market mechanism may have difficulties in coordinating the digital products. Which of the following may not be a reason?
- 5
What is the main purpose of process innovations?
- 6
Digital transformation has changed the way production activities are organized. This process has profound economic implications. Which of the following can not be considered as one of these implications?
- 7
According to Freeman and Perez, how often have technological revolutions occurred since the Industrial Revolution?
- 8
There are six waves of technological revolutions. There are certain product and process innovations characterising each wave listed below. Which pairs are correct?
I.First wave: Water power, textiles
II.Second wave: Electricity, chemicals
III.Third wave: Steam power, rail
IV:Fourth wave: Electronics, aviation
V:Fifth wave: Digital network, sotware
VI.Sixt wave: Artificial intelligence, robots
- 9
What is usually required for the successful implementation of radical innovations?
- 10
Which of the following best describes system innovations?
- 11
Which of the following is an example of a radical innovation?
- 12
Which of the following components are included in the cost of digital products?
I.Content creation
II.Data generation
III.Product storage
IV.Product distribution
V.Marketing
- 13
According to UNESCO, open science builds on the following key pillars except
- 14
A government-granted exclusive legal right to use an invention for a limited period is called as
- 15
The innovations whose impacts are usually small and that occur frequently in the production process and lead to a partial improvement in the quality of a product or process are called as
- 16
Which of the following statements is not true for the Bazaar model of software development?
- 17
Which of the following is considered an example of an organizational innovation?
- 18
What term describes the period when technological systems reach maturity and economic growth slows down?
- 19
Which of the following is not one of the types of innovations based on the size and impact of innovations?
- 20
What typically happens in the first 20–30 years following a technological revolution?