Manufacturing systems management (MSM) here is defined as a functional domain that involves all of the activities, such as design, implementation, operations and monitoring, etc., that are needed to regulate and optimise a manufacturing system as it progresses through its life cycle.

The Sales Module of the ERP system gives a company the chance of organizing and tracking the sales process in an effective manner due to configuration multiple option and tracking of sales covered channels. Sales agents, sales divisions, distributors, key accounts, retail, the contact with the online portal are just some of the facilities offered. On the other hand, The Controlling ERP Module allows the planning of financial parameters and provides both, proactive capabilities for early warning in case of negative exceeding and complex analysis tools to determine the influence factors.

”Data” refers to recorded facts, things, events and statistics, “information” refers to formatted, useful data extracted from data pool, “knowledge” is internalized information and “insight” is a deep level of understanding about a particular situation.

SQL injection is the most common method used by hackers to defacement. By the use of this method, hackers can gain administrative privileges on databases of websites. As a result of this, they can easily manipulate the records in databases and context of the website as they want.

Point of Sale (POS) systems is a system for processing customer orders at a point where the product is physically delivered to customers.

The most popular Web browsers are Google Chrome, Yandex Browser, Opera, Firefox, Safari and Microsoft Edge.

Expenditure Cycle includes Purchase System, Cash Disbursement System, Payroll Processing System and Fixed Asset System.

Expenditure cycle explains the document and information flow as well as making payments to the supplier for the purchasing process. The purchasing process involves some set of events. These events are analyzing inventories, preparing purchase orders, receiving goods, making the payments, purchase returns and allowances, preparing reports.

Political Risks: Top managers of the businesses may perceive that implementing or using HRIS may cause loss of authority or power and as a result diminish their support and commitment from the system.

A successful supply chain management strategy is based on accurate order processsing, just-in-time inventory management, and timely order fulfillment.

Expenditure cycle deals with the purchasing operations that are necessary for the business to operate. These necessary operations include the purchasing of raw materials, merchandise inventory, services, fixed assets and payroll payments.

In order to achieve the targets indicated in the budget, some actions need to be made from period to period. This is called as profit planning. Top management determines the strategies for the business and to achieve the overall goal of the business these strategies divide into shorter terms. For example, the strategy for a 5 year plan can be divided into one year plans and within these each period more smaller actions has to be taken.

Hard technology and soft technology are the two main categories of technology. Hard technology represents a variety of tasks in the creation and delivery of goods and services performed by the equipment and devices. Computers, computer chips and microprocessors, communication lines, sensors, robots are some examples of hard technology. Soft technology is the application of the Internet, computer software, and information systems to provide data, information, and analysis and to facilitate the accomplishment of creating and delivering goods and services. Database systems, artificial intelligence programs, and voice-recognition software are some examples of soft technology.

there are some shortcomings of using external data for decision making purposes such as; 1. The necessary data may not be available, or it may need some transformations. 2. The integration with existing company data sources or information systems may be problematic.3. Importing data can be time-consuming. 4. It may be hard to ensure data compatibility. 5. It may require manual work-flow and data processing. 6. It may be difficult to validate data formats

Encryption is the process of transforming plain text to the ciphertext by using algorithms or keys. Encrypted data cannot be read or converted by anyone except the sender and the intended receiver.

Manufacturing, distribution, sales, accounting, and human resource applications are the main ERP modules integrated. Material requirements planning, production planning and capacity planning can be given as some examples for manufacturing processes supported by ERP systems. Sales analysis, sales planning and pricing analysis are some examples for sales and marketing processes supported by ERP systems. Moreover, many important human resource processes such as personnel requirements planning, salary and administration benefits are supported by ERP systems. ERP systems can also manage financial record-keeping and managerial accounting applications.

For organizations CRM system includes methodogies and software tools to gain advantage from customer information to achieve some critical factors. These factors could be summarized as follows;

• Building customer loyalty with much higher profit per customer

• Avoiding loss of customers

• Acquiring new customers who are most likely to become profitable

• Reducing inefficiencies that waste advertising expenses

Computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) is the usage of computer-controlled machineries and automation systems in manufacturing products.

The proof of a sales transaction is billing the customer. In other words, preparation of the bill shows a sale transaction has occured.

Descriptive analytics, sometimes called “reporting analytics” deals with the current status of the company based on the key performance indicators, i.e., KPIs. Managing a company requires appropriate monitoring the operations.