A healthy and successful business climate contributes to the quality of people’s lives. Therefore, businesses are one of the critical elements that contribute to our standard of living. Doğru cevap C’dir.

The first human resource planning activity entails forecasting labor demand.Labor demand determines how many and what type of employees the organization needs in the future.The key objective is to determine how many and what type of employees the firm needs at a point in the future. For example, many Japanese electronics firms estimated in the mid-1990s that the product segments of music and games would increase at double-digit rates for 20 years. Much of the assembly work of putting together the various components of the music and game playing machines would require relative low-skilled and low-cost labor.

There would be three ways to gain competitive advantage:

• Locating activities among countries to decrease costs on high product differentiation.

• Efficient and effective transfer of competencies and capabilities from one country to another for companies.

• Coordinating dispersed activities.

In multinational competition, there are four issues that need to be considered:24
1. Whether to customize products or services in each local market or offer standardized products/services.
2. Whether to employ the same generic competitive strategy everywhere or modify the strategy for each country.
3. Whether to locate a company’s facilities, distribution centers, and customer services operations for location advantages.
4. How to transfer a company’s resource strengths and capabilities among countries to secure competitive advantage.

Human resource planning generally follows four steps: (1) conducting a job analysis; (2) forecasting demand; (3) forecasting the supply human resources; and (4) matching the demand and supply of human resources.

A salary is a consistent payment made each period regardless of number of hours worked. The correct answer is E.

Conceptual skill, are most critical for top/ executive managers. Such analytical ability provides top managers with a strong understanding of the internal and external environment of their organizations and reinforces the quality of strategic decision policies. The correct answer is D.

Decisional roles are related to the decision making behaviors of management teams. Decision making is the fundamental function of managers at any level. We can argue that decisional roles and the relevant responsibilites are the most critical compared to other group of roles that managers have to fulfill.

Balance of trade (BOT) is the difference between a country’s imports and its exports for a “given time period”. BOT is an important indicator showing strength of a country’s economy.

Cultural Diversity

Culture plays a significant role in determining success or failure in international business.

Economies of scale is the cost advantage that arises with increased output of a product

Organizational effectiveness is the degree to the achievement of organizational goals based on the statements and expectations. Organizational efficiency on the other hand is about the amount of overall resources used for the achievement of an organizational goal.

Companies decide for going international as well as which strategies to follow based on the resources they can allocate for international operations.
Following strategy options are frequently used to compete in foreign markets:
• Exporting
• Licensing
• Franchising
• Global Strategy

"Multicountry competition" is not one of these strategies.

Fluctuating exchange rates affect exporters depending upon manufacturing country’s currency power in positive or negative ways.

Statement II and IV are internal factors that direct human resources management. Expression I and III is one of the external factors that direct human resources management.

Human skills, also referred to as soft skills, are related to establishing constructive relationships with other members of a group. Possession of such skills enables managers to effectively motivate, communicate, coordinate, and lead. The correct answer is E.

Companies decide for going international as well as which strategies to follow based on the resources they can allocate for international operations.
Following strategy options are frequently used to compete in foreign markets:26
• Exporting
• Licensing
• Franchising
• Global Strategy

Organizational efficiency is about the amount of overall resources used for the achievement of an organizational goal.On the other hand; organizational effectiveness is the degree to the achievement of organizational goals. The correct answer is D.