II and III are about product orientation while IV is about marketing orientation. I, on the other hand, is about production orientation. 

Goals are the basis of strategy formation and also provide standards for performance evaluation. Goals represent the future status that a business intends to reach. These goals are accomplished in line with established strategies and mission. Goals can be defined as general results that businesses strive to get.

Companies sponsor sports or arts organizations, invites newspaper editors or university students to their factories to get the goodwill of the public. Short-term incentives offered to final consumers and retailers are called sales promotions.

The societal marketing concept which is the newest of marketing orientations holds that marketing strategy should deliver value to customers in a way that maintains or improves both the consumer’s and society’s well-being. The right answer is E. 

In the growth-market share matrix, SBU’s are characterized in four quadrants such as Stars, Question Marks, Cash Cows and Dogs.

A need is the difference between a consumer’s actual state and some ideal or desired state.

S.M.A.R.T. is an acronym that is used to guide the development of measurable goals. The letter S stands for Specific. M, stands for Measurable. A, stands for  Attainable. R, stands for  Relevant. T, stands for  Time Based. Therefore E is the correct answer.

Good distribution channels are one of the potential internal strengths.

A strategic marketing plan comprises of five stages. These are:

1. Performing a situational (SWOT) analysis
2. Setting marketing goals and objectives
3. Establishing positioning ve di?erentation advantage
4. Selecting the target market and measure the market demand
5. Formulating marketing mix

Therefore the right answer is D

Marketers should be cautious about several trends in the natural environment. The first trend involves growing shortages of raw materials. There may be problems in supply of renewable resources such as forests and nonrenewable resources such as oil, coal, and minerals.

Stars are the products, brands or divisions that have a high growth rate and high market share. In order to support their rapid growth, heavy investment/cash usage is required. Their growth slow down over time and they become cash cows

In Production Orientation paradigm, the key to success in business is to produce as cheaply as possible and keep prices low. This paradigm was typical in the 19th century, when mechanized production could out-compete hand production in cost terms.

The purpose of marketing monitoring is: 

• Ensuring the effective use of marketing resources, 

• Achieving the marketing goals, 

• Identifying the necessary changes by bringing out the shortcomings of the marketing plan.

Therefore, the answer is "E". 

A marketing information system is a way of systematically gathering and delivering effective and relevant marketing information to the right people on a continuous basis and at the right time.

Market segmentation is dividing a market into distinct groups of buyers who have different needs, characteristics, or behavior and who might require seperate products or marketing programs.

Suppliers are the providers of the resources needed by the company to produce its goods and services. If a supplier fails to meet delivery on time, this will inevitably affect the company’s delivery of products to customers timely.  Importance of being on time, regular and sustainable supply directs today’s marketers to
treat their suppliers as their partners in creating and delivering customer value.

SWOT analysis can be used to evaluate environmental forces. While evaluating environmental forces, we may consider the SWOT analysis. SWOT analysis is a technique that takes the findings of marketing audit and categorizes key points as strengths, weaknesses, opportunities or threats. In this analysis, whilst strengths and weaknesses stem from internally controlled factors, opportunities and threats are arisen from external factors

Consumers’ needs and wants are fulfilled through market offerings—a combination of products, services, information, or experiences offered to a market to satisfy a need or a want. So, the right answer is D.

Production orientation is being described here.